EDGE
EDGE
EDGE
Zong Baiqing
Contents
GPRS Introduction Building blocks of a GPRS network Operation Interfaces between components QoS Benefits & Applications Summary EDGE Architecture Modulation & Coding Schemes Physical Layer Parameters EDGE Normal Burst Structure Line Quality Control
Migration to 3G
Part I GPRS
General Packet Radio Service
Introduction
General Packet Radio Service A standard from ETSI and others on packet data in GSM systems Packet-data standard for TDMA/136 systems Uses a packet-mode technique to transfer data in an efficient manner Optimizes the use of network and radio resources Maintains strict separation between the radio subsystem and network subsystem Offers air-interface rates up to 115 Kbps Supports multiple types of mobile terminals
Building Blocks
Implemented on the GSM structure Addition of two network nodes, Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) In addition a number of devices from the Internet Protocol (IP)
READY State The SGSN MM context corresponds to the STANDBY MM context extended by location information for the subscriber on cell level. The MT is ready for data transmission.
Mobile Classes
Class A GSM / GPRS GSM & GPRS networks are attached simultaneously. User can receive GSM (voice, data, SMS) and GPRS (data) services together. Similar to Class A without simultaneous option. If one service (GSM or GPRS) is ON, then the other is OFF. Mobiles having both GPRS & GSM functions like Class A & B except attaching to one of the networks one at a time.
GPRS Attach
1. MT requests to be attached to the network. This request is sent to the SGSN. Including the information whether it wants to attach to a packetswitched service or a circuit-switched service This is followed by an authentication request made between the MT and the HLR In the third step, subscriber data from the HLR is inserted into the SGSN and the MSC/VLR Finally the SGSN informs the MT that it is attached
2. 3. 4.
4. 5.
Air Interface
BCH CS P-Data PBCH : Zeroth slot reserved for GSM Broadcast Channel : Circuit Switched Timeslots : Packet Data : Packet Broadcast Channel
Logical Channels
PCCH : Packet Common Control PPCH : Packet Paging PAGCH : Packet Access Grant PNCH : Packet Notification PBCCH : Packet Broadcast Control PDTCH : Packet Data Traffic PACCH : Packet Associated Ctrl. PTCCH : Packet Timing Adv. Ctrl. PRACH : Packet Random Access
GPRS Detach
1. 2. 3. 4. SGSN informs MS by sending a detach request SGSN requests from the GGSN to delete the MS PDP context. The GGSN responds to the request SGSN sends a signal to MSC/VLR to remove the association with the SGSN MS could send a detach accept message after receiving the request from the SGSN
Security
The Security function provides three main benefits: Guarding against unauthorised GPRS service usage Providing user identity confidentiality Provides user data confidentiality
Procedure : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. SGSN sends authentication information to the HLR. The HLR responds with an acknowledgment. SGSN request MS for ciphering. The MS responds The MS starts ciphering The SGSN starts ciphering
Mode II
Mode III
QoS
Associated with each PDP context Considered to be a single parameter with multiple data transfer attributes. Defined in terms of : Precedence class Delay class Reliability class Peak throughput class Mean throughput class
Charging
Charging is a split function between the SGSN and the GGSN The SGSN collects Usage of the radio interface Usage of the PDP addresses Usage of the general GPRS resources
The GGSN collects Destination and source addresses Usage of the external data networks Usage of the packet data protocol addresses Location of MS within the network
GPRS Benefits
Packet Switched; Always ON, Cost per Data Allows the network subsystem to be reused with other radio access technologies The infrastrucuture deployed could easily support broad-band mobile wireless technologies like UMTS Does not mandate changes to an installed MSC base Allows efficient use of radio and network resources
GPRS Applications
Information News, Sports results, Stocks and Financial information.... Database inquiry (including location) White Pages, Yellow Pages, Corporate Directory, Personal Directory (including Directory Dialling), Market: Buy /Sell /Rent /Jobs...
Summary
Efficient wireless access to external IP networks Requires the introduction of the SGSN and GGSN Negligible resource consumption by users who are connected but are not exchanging data Rates up to 115 kbps are supportable
Part II
EDGE
Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution
Introduction
Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution High data rates are expected from the Third-Generation (3G) A stepwise way in the direction of 3G Allowing existing cell plans to remain intact Preparing customers/users for the 3G services.
Standardization
Introduced to the ETSI for the first time in 1997 EDGE is standardized by ITU and 3GPP Global Standard
Architecture
Gn Interface Abis interface
GGSN SGSN
GPRS registers
External IP Network
MSC
HLR
VLR
PSTN/ISDN MSC
A interface Elements Modified by EDGE
GMSK
270 kSymbols/s 1 bit per symbol 270 kbits/s 20 kbit/s for CS4
8PSK
270 kSymbols/s 3 bits per symbol 810 kbits/s 59.2 kbit/s for MCS9
(0, 1, 0) (0, 0, 0)
I (0, 1, 0)
(0, 0, 1)
R (1, 1, 1)
(1, 0, 1) (1, 0, 0)
(1, 1, 0)
8-PSK Modulation
MCS
MCS MCS MCS MCS MCS MCS MCS MCS MCS
BCS
2x12 2x12 2x12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Tail
2x6 2x6 2x6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Description Modulation Symbol Rate Payload per Burst Gross rate per Time slot
26 Sym
8.25
Enhanced QoS
EDGE is part of the (3GPP) Release 99 (Rel99) specifications, which provides QoS enhancements to a wireless system. These include: Rel99 introduces new QoS parameters in the QoS profile, which allows a differentiation between different types of traffic (conversational, streaming, interactive and background). Rel99 also introduces the concept of packet flow context (PFC) and associated procedures (creation, modification, and deletion), which result in the negotiated QoS for a PDP Context. Based on these enhancements, Rel99 offers a real end-to-end QoS solution for GPRS/EDGE that is comparable to the way UMTS handles resources.
Summary
EDGE technology is a standard that has been specified to enhance the throughput per timeslot for both HSCSD and GPRS. Increased data rates with GSM compatibility Still 200 kHz bands; still TDMA 8-PSK modulation: 3 bits/symbol give 3X data rate
GPRS/EDGE
Thank you!