Scribd
Upload
3 views

Lecture+Introduction+to+It

Uploaded by

airacamilleb.pascual
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

Lecture+Introduction+to+It

Uploaded by

airacamilleb.pascual
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

Introduction to

Information Technology
Prepared By: CpE Department
2 What is a computer?
 A computer is an
electronic device
used to manipulate
data.
 It can perform both
arithmetic and
logical operations.
3 Computer Generations
 First
Generation ENIAC

Computer
 It uses Vacuum
Tube
4 Computer Generations
 Second
Generation AUTODIN

Computer
 It uses Transistor
5 Computer Generations
 Third
Generation
Computer
 It uses Integrated
Circuit (IC)
6 Computer Generations
 Fourth
Generation
Computer
 It uses
Microprocessor
7
Computer Generations
 Fifth
Generation
Computer
 It uses Artificial
Intelligence
8
Elements of a Computer
System
 Computer System is the
totality of interaction with
the computer.
a.Hardware – The tangible
parts of the computer.
9
Elements of a Computer
System
b. Software – Refers
to the set of
programs that
controls the
computer.
10
Elements of a Computer
System
c. Peopleware –
The user of the
computer.
The Hardware
11

A. Input and Output


Devices
 Input Devices – It
allows the user to
communicate to the
computer.
The Hardware
12

 Output devices –
allows the computer
to communicate to the
user.
The Hardware
13

B. Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
 Consider as the brain
of the computer.
 It is responsible in
manipulating data.
The Hardware
14

C. Memory Unit
 The storage unit of the computer.
15
Parts of the CPU
(Microprocessor)
A. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
 It performs arithmetic and logical operation.
B. Control Unit (CU)
 It supervises the flow of information inside
the computer.
C. Register
 The memory of the microprocessor.
16
Parts of the CPU
(Microprocessor)
17
The Memory Unit
 Primary/ Main Memory
 Read Only
Memory (ROM) –
permanent memory
 Random Access
Memory (RAM) –
temporary memory
18
The Memory Unit
 Secondary Memory
 Commonly known as the hard disk drive
 High capacity storage
19
The Memory Unit
 External Memory
 memory unit external to the computer
SOFTWARE
20

 Types of Software
 System Software
 It acts as an interface
between the computer
hardware and the user
through application software.
SOFTWARE
21

 Application Software
 Consist of programs that
perform specific task.
SOFTWARE
22

 Classification of Application Software


 Packaged
 It is designed for general used
 Customized
 Designed for a particular user
SOFTWARE
23

 Programming Language is an application


software that can be used to create system
software and another application software.
 Different types of Programming
Language
 High –level Programming Language
 It is usually human understandable since it
uses English-like terms.
SOFTWARE
24

 Low-level Programming Language


 Also known as assembly language.
 It uses mnemonic codes (usually 3-letter word)
SOFTWARE
25

 Machine Language
 It uses Binary codes( 0 and 1).
 The only language that the computer can
understand.
SOFTWARE
26

 Translator converts source code to machine


code.
 Different types of translator
 Interpreter
 It converts high-level language to machine
language line by line.
SOFTWARE
27

 Compiler
 It converts high-level language to machine
language as a whole.
 Assembler
 It converts low-level language to machine language
Peopleware
28

 Peopleware refers to the user of the computer.


 Classification of Peopleware
 Technical User
 User with a deep understanding on computers.
 Non-Technical user
 Also called as end user.

You might also like