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Computer-Basics ppt2

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28 views15 pages

Computer-Basics ppt2

Uploaded by

ankita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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COMPUTER

BASICS

SUBMITTED TO:
Mrs. Mamta Gupta SUBMITTED BY: Ankita Chawla
B.ED (SEM-4)
Roll no:11082158519
What is a
Computer?

An electronic device that stores,


retrieves, and processes data, and
can be programmed with
instructions. A computer is
composed of hardware and
software, and can exist in a variety
of sizes and confi gurations.
Hardware &
Software
The term hardware refers to the
physical components of your
computer such as the system unit,
mouse, keyboard, monitor etc.

The software is the instructions that


makes the computer work. Software
is held either on your computers hard
disk, CD-ROM, DVD or on a diskette
(floppy disk) and is loaded (i.e.
copied) from the disk into the
computers RAM (Random Access
Memory), as and when required.
Types of
Computers
Mini and Mainframe Computers

Very powerful, used by large


organisations such an banks to
control the entire business
operation. Very expensive!

Personal Computers

Cheap and easy to use. Often used


as stand-alone computers or in a
network. May be connected to
large mainframe computers within
big companies.
Hardware
Components
I nput Devices -- "How to tell it what to do“

-A keyboard and mouse are the standard


way to interact with the computer. Other devices
include joysticks and game pads used primarily
for games.

Output Devices -- "How it shows you what it is


doing"

-The monitor (the screen) is how the


computer sends information back to you. A
printer is also an output device.
Hardware
Components
INPUT DEVICES

• The Mouse
• Used to ‘drive’ Microsoft Windows

• The Keyboard
• The keyboard is still the
commonest way of entering
information into a computer
• Tracker Balls
• an alternative to the traditional
mouse and often used by
graphic designers
Hardware
Components
INPUT DEVICES
• Scanners
• A scanner allows you to scan printed
material and convert it into a file
format that may be used within the PC
• Touch Pads
• A device that lays on the desktop and
responds to pressure
• Light Pens
• Used to allow users to point to areas on a
screen
• Joysticks
• Many games require a joystick for the
proper playing of the game
Hardware
Components
OUTPUT DEVICES
• VDU
• The computer screen is used for
outputting information in an
understandable format
• Printers
• There are many different types of
printers.
• In large organizations laser printers
are most commonly used due to the
fact that they can print very fast
and give a very high quality output.
Hardware
Components
OUTPUT DEVICES
• Plotters
• A plotter is an output device
similar to a printer, but normally
allows you to print larger images.
• Speakers
• Enhances the value of
educational and presentation
products.
• Speech synthesisers
• Gives you the ability to not only to
display text on a monitor but also to
read the text to you
Hardware
Components
Storage Devices -- "How it saves
data and programs“

-Hard disk drives are an internal,


higher capacity drive which also stores
the operating system which runs when
you power on the computer.

-"Floppy" disk drives allow you to


save work on small disks and take the
data with you.
Hardware
Components
Hard Disks
• Speed:
• Very fast!

• The speed of a hard disk is often quoted as


"average access time" speed, measured in
milliseconds.
The smaller this number the faster the
disk.
• Capacity:
• Enormous! Often 40/80 Gigabytes.
A Gigabyte is equivalent to 1024
Megabytes.
• Cost:
• Hard disks costs are falling rapidly and
normally represent the cheapest way of
storing data.
Hardware
Components
Diskettes (Floppy
Disks)

• Speed:
• Very slow!

• Capacity:
• Normally 1.44
Mbytes.
• Cost:
• Very cheap.
Hardware
Components
CD-ROM Disks

• Speed:
• Much slower than hard disks. The
original CD-ROM speciation is given
a value of 1x speed, and later,
faster CD-ROMs are quoted as a
multiple of this value.
• Capacity:
• Around 650 Mbytes and more
Hardware
Components
DVD Drives

• Speed:
• Much faster than CD-ROM
drives but not as fast as hard
disks.
• Capacity:
• Up to 17 Gbytes.

• Cost:
• Slightly higher than CD-ROM
drives.
Thank you

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