presentation

Topic: Polygonal representation in computer

graphics
 Presentation topics included

• Principle and applications

• Polygon representation
• Polygon mesh creation
• Rendering
• Optimization
Polygon definition:
Polygon is a 2D shape that
is made up of vertices and edges that form a closed loop.
Parts:
 vertices
 edges
Used for modelling
Polygon have sharp angles
Polygon Examples:.
Types of polygon:
Convex polygon
Concave polygon
Regular polygon
Irregular polygon
Convex polygon
A polygon with all interior angles less than 180°. The
diagonals of a convex polygon lie inside the polygon.
Concave polygon
• A polygon with at least one interior angle greater than
180°.
Regular polygon

• A polygon with all sides equal and all interior angles the
same. For example, a regular hexagon has six equal sides
and all its interior angles are 120°.
Irregular polygon

• A polygon with unequal side lengths and different angle

measures. Parallelograms, trapezoids, and rhombi are
examples of simple, irregular polygons
full form of polygon:.
polygon is a
compound word and made up of the terms poly, which
means many, and gon , which means sides as well. To create
a closed figure, at least three line segments must need to
join end to end.
Polygon mesh:.
Polygon mesh has a wide range
of applications in computer graphics. It can be used to
represent a variety of shapes, from simple cubes to complex
characters. The mesh can be manipulated to create realistic
images, animations, and simulations. Polygon mesh can be
used to create 3D models for games and films.
Def 2:
3D Objects [composed of one or more polygons]
Some examples of polygon
mesh:
 Components of polygon mesh:
• Here are some components as fellows
• Points
• Edges
• Faces
Understanding of given image
points edges
faces
the corner of each
edge also called point
it is denoted by dot
e.g:
 Advantages of polygon mesh
Easy to draw on schreen
Easy to transform
Can be used to create any 3D object
polygon mesh creation:.
polygon mesh
creation is a type of computer graphics technique used for
creating 3D models. It is a collection of vertices, edges and
faces that define the shape and surface of a 3D object.
How to create polygon mesh:
Creating polygon
mesh usually starts from drawing the basic shapes of the
future object from different angles. At least front, and side
views.
 Creation techniques
Manual modelling:
create 3D models by hand, using software
tools to manipulate vertices , edges and faces.
3D scanning:
real word objects are scanned by 3D scanning
Physical based modelling:
Image based modelling :
 Mesh creation tools
 Blender
 Maya
 Substance designer
Method of creating mesh that we need:
 Concept and planning
 Modelling
 Texturing and material
 Post-procedure:(get the final image)
Polygon creation Example
Rendering
Polygon rendering is the process of
determining the color and intensity of each pixel on the
surface of a polygon in a 3D space to create a 2D image.
It is a fundamental technique in computer graphics used to
represent three-dimensional objects in a two-
dimensional space.
 Rendering shading models
• Flat shading
• Gouraud shading
• Phong shading
Flat shading:.
It is a simple method of
polygon rendering. It is also called Flat shading. In this
method every point has constant intensity. All point of
polygon has same intensity value. It is fast rendering
method.
Gouraud shading:.
• This rendering is done by intensity interpolation. At each
point the intensity value is calculated
Phong shading:.

• It is more accurate method of polygon rendering. At each

point of the surface, it interpolates the normal vector and
applies the illumination model. It is also called as normal
vector interpolation shading.
Optimization:.
• optimization is a process that
reduces the number of polygons in a 3D model while
preserving important aspects of the original mesh. It can
be used to selectively optimize elements of a model so that
they integrate seamlessly.
ways to optimize:
• Manual reduction
• Automatic reduction
 Why it is important
• Improved performance
• Reduced memory
• Faster rendering
• Algorithms that are used for it
Quadric error metric(QEM) algorithm
Mesh decimation algorithm
Polygon merging algorithm
 Manual reduction
• Delete or dissolve faces or edges that are redundant,
overlapping, or hidden.
 Automatic reduction
• Use a tool or modifier to simplify the mesh by reducing
the number of faces or triangles. However, automatic
reduction can destroy topology, so it's usually only useful
for static meshes.
Principles and applications:.
polygon does not have any curved surface.
polygon should have at least three sides.
Applications:
 Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
 Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)
Scientific Visualization
3D Modeling and Animation
 Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is the use of software and
digital tools to create and optimize 2D and 3D designs. CAD
is used in a variety of industries, including architecture,
engineering, and manufacturing.
Scientific Visualization:
Scientific visualization is a branch of
computer graphics that involves creating visual
representations of scientific data to help scientists
understand and interpret scientific phenomena
Thanks
you.