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Chapter 1 Lesson 1

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16 views20 pages

Chapter 1 Lesson 1

Uploaded by

ivandavegomez3
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STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

RANDOM
VARIABLES
Quarter 3
Chapter 1 – Lesson 1
PRE-ASSESSMENT
1. Which of the following best describes a random variable?
a. A fixed value determined by an experiment.
b. A variable that can take on a set of possible outcomes,
depending on chance.
c. A value that remains constant regardless of the situation.
d. A variable that is unaffected by probability.
2. A random variable that can only take on specific, countable
values is called:
a. Continuous random variable
b. Independent variable
c. Discrete random variable
d. Dependent variable
PRE-ASSESSMENT
3. Which of the following is an example of a continuous
random variable?
a. The number of students in a class
b. The time it takes to run a race
c. The number of books on a shelf
d. The outcome of rolling a six-sided die
4. A discrete random variable is:
a. Uncountable and can take any value within a range
b. Limited to distinct, countable values
c. Independent of all external factors
d. Always represented by real numbers
PRE-ASSESSMENT
5. Which of the following scenarios illustrates a continuous
random variable?
a. Measuring the height of students in a class
b. Counting the number of cars in a parking lot
c. Listing the number of goals scored in a soccer match
d. Counting the number of books read in a year
6. Identify the random variable in this scenario: "A die is
rolled, and the number shown on the top face is recorded.“
a. The die itself
b. The rolling process
c. The number on the top face
d. The material of the die
PRE-ASSESSMENT
7. If 𝑋 is the number of heads when flipping three coins, what
are the possible values of 𝑋?
a. 0, 1, 2, 3
b. 1, 2, 3
c. Heads or Tails
d. Infinite
8. The weight of a newborn baby is best classified as:
a. A discrete random variable
b. A continuous random variable
c. A categorical variable
d. Not a random variable
PRE-ASSESSMENT
9. Which of the following distinguishes a continuous random variable
from a discrete one?
a. Continuous random variables can only take integer values, while discrete
random variables can take any value.
b. Continuous random variables are countable, while discrete random
variables are uncountable.
c. Continuous random variables can take any value within a range, while
discrete random variables are limited to specific values.
d. There is no distinction between the two types.
10. Which of the following is not a possible value of a random variable?
a. Outcomes from rolling a fair die
b. The average height of all students in a school
c. The temperature recorded in Celsius
d. A specific person's age recorded as a letter (e.g., "A")
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this lesson, the students are expected
to:

1. To illustrate a random variable.


2. To determine possible values of random
variables.
3. To distinguish between discrete and continuous
random variables.
VARIABLE

A variable is any information, attribute,


characteristic, number, or quantity that describes a
person, place, event, thing or idea that can be
measured or counted. It can be qualitative or
quantitative, and quantitative variables can either
be discrete or continuous. This variable can be
associated with a probability called a random
variable which is denoted by a capital letter.
RANDOM VARIABLE

A random variable is a variable whose value is


a numerical outcome from a random experiment
or a function that associates a real number of
each element in the sample space.
RANDOM VARIABLE

The following are the steps in determining the


random variables on any events or experiments:

1. Assign letters that will represent each outcome.


2. Determine the sample space (S).
3. Count the number of the value of a capital letter
assigned (Random variable).
Example 1

Suppose two coins are tossed


simultaneously. Let H represent
heads, T represent tails and X be
the random variable representing
the number of heads that will
occur. Find the values of the
random variable X.
Example 1
Step 1: H = heads T = tails
X = random variable representing the number of
heads that will occur
Step 2: S = {HH, HT, TH, TT}
Step 3:

Tree Diagram for Tossing 2


Coins
Example 2
Three winners of cellphone load
sponsored by a certain organization
will be drawn from 5 class advisers
(C) and 150 learners (L) in the
senior high school. Let Y be the
random variable representing the
senior high school learners. Find
the values of the random variable Y.
Example 2
Step 1: C = Class Advisers L = Learners
Y = random variable representing senior high
school learners
Step 2: S = {CCC, CCL, CLC, CLL, LCC, LCL, LLC, LLL}
Step 3:

Tree Diagram for 3


Winners of CP Load
TYPES OF RANDOM
VARIABLE
1. A Discrete Random Variable is a type of
random variable whose values are obtained
through counting.

2. A Continuous Random Variable is a type of


random variable whose values are on a
continuous scale wherein, the data can take
infinitely many values.
Examples
Illustrative Example 3: Suppose a coin is tossed.
Heads or tails are the two possible outcomes.
Therefore, this is a discrete random variable

Illustrative Example 4: Suppose a teacher surveys


her advisory class on their Body Mass Index (BMI)
taking weight (kg) over squaring the height (m2) before
the start of the first semester. This is not countable;
thus, this is a continuous random variable.
Examples
Activity
Activity
Activity

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