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15 views9 pages

Presentation 5

Uploaded by

sanaullahjohn06
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is Computer Network?

 A Network is a collection of computers or nodes that communicate with each other on a shared
network medium.
 A computer network is a collection of two or more connected computers to share the resources and
data.
 Data communication is the movement or transmission of data between two devices or computers
 Basic Data Communication Component:
1. Sender: Sender or transmitter is a device that sends the message. It maybe a computer, workstation,
telephone or video camera.
2. Message: Message is the data or information that is to be transmitted. Message can be number,
video, text or any combination of these.
3. Medium: Medium is the physical path that message uses to travel from source to destination. It
can be fiber optic cable, coaxial cables, twisted pair cable and even can be wireless media.
5 :Receiver: Receiver is the device which receives transmitted message. It can be computer, workstation, telephone
etc.
6 :Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules that governs data communications. It represents agreement between the
communicating devices, without protocol, two devices connected may not able to communicate with each other,
Modes of Communication:

 SIMPLEX Mode: In this type of transmission mode, data can be sent only in one direction i.e.
communication is unidirectional.
 We cannot send a message back to the sender.
 Unidirectional communication is done in Simplex Systems where we just need to send a
command/signal, and do not expect any response back.
 Examples of simplex Mode are loudspeakers, television broadcasting, television and remote,
keyboard and monitor etc.
HALF-DUPLEX:
 Data transmission means that data can be transmitted in both directions on a signal carrier, but not at
the same time.
 Example of half duplex is a walkie- talkie in which message is sent one at a time but messages are
sent in both the directions.
FULL DUPLEX Mode:
 In full duplex system we can send data in both the directions as it is bidirectional at the same time in
other words, data can be sent in both directions simultaneously.
 Example of Full Duplex is a Telephone Network in which there is communication between two
persons by a telephone line, using which both can talk and listen at the same time
Communication Devices: 

 A communication device is a hardware device capable of transmitting an analog


or digital signal over the telephone, other communication wire, or wirelessly.
 ❖ Switch
 ❖ Router
 ❖ Gateway
Types of Computer Network:

 A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables


the computer to communicate with another computer and share their
resources, data, and applications.
 A computer network can be categorized by their size.
 ❖ LAN(Local Area Network)
 ❖ MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
 ❖ WAN(Wide Area Network)
LAN(Local Area Network):

 Local Area Network is a group of computers connected to each other in a small


area such as building, office.
 LAN is used for connecting two or more personal computers through a
communication medium such as twisted pair, coaxial cable, etc.
 It is less costly as it is built with inexpensive hardware such as hubs, network
adapters, and Ethernet cables.
 The data is transferred at an extremely faster rate in Local Area Network.
 Local Area Network provides higher security.
MAN(Metropolitan Area Network):

 A metropolitan area network is a network that covers a larger geographic area by interconnecting a
different LAN to form a larger network.

 Government agencies use MAN to connect to the citizens and private industries.

 In MAN, various LANs are connected to each other through a telephone exchange line. The most
widely used protocols in MAN are RS-232, Frame Relay, ATM, ISDN, OC-3, ADSL, etc.

 It has a higher range than Local Area Network(LAN).


WAN (Wide Area Network):

 A Wide Area Network is a network that extends over a large geographical area such as states or
countries.

 A Wide Area Network is quite bigger network than the LAN.

 A Wide Area Network is not limited to a single location, but it spans over a large geographical
area through a telephone line, fiber optic cable or satellite links.

 The internet is one of the biggest WAN in the world.

 A Wide Area Network is widely used in the field of Business, government, and education.

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