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Lecture 1

Ai

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13 views22 pages

Lecture 1

Ai

Uploaded by

mdhasemaliic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture-1

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Professor Dr.
Dipankar Das
Department of ICE, RU
Today’s Topics
• Definition of AI

• Importance of AI

• Related Fields of AI

• Application Areas
Artificial Intelligence
• “What is intelligence?”
– Ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills

• “How can one measure intelligence?”


– IQ test by psychologist

• “How does the brain work?”


– Knowledge are stored in neurons (86 billions)
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
“The science and engineering
of making intelligent
machines, especially
intelligent computer
programs”
John McCarthy

AI enables making a computer,


a computer-controlled robot,
or a software think intelligently

AI works like how human brain


thinks, and how humans learn,
decide, and work while trying to
solve a problem
Intelligent Machine
• Concept of intelligent machine by Alan Turing (1950)
• How to measure AI?
– Eliza, chatterbots
AI –Why does it Matter?
AI changes the current
technological landscape.

It can be used for


chatbots, financial
models, predictive
analytics, etc. to help
companies become
agile, accurate, insightful
about their business
model.

AI augments and


empowers human’s life.
Importance and Benefit of AI
• Remarkable Precision

• Reliable and Quick Response

• Adds Intelligence To Products

• Evaluates Deeper Data

• Fully-utilized Data
Importance and Benefit of AI
AI and Related Fields
Machine Learning
Neural Network or ANN
Neural Network or ANN
Expert System
Expert System
Expert System: Example
• MYCIN
It can identify various bacteria that can cause severe infections and can also
recommend drugs based on the person’s weight.
• DENDRAL
An AI-based expert system used for chemical analysis.
• R1/XCON
It could select specific software to generate a computer system wished by the
user.
• PXDES
It could easily determine the type and the degree of lung cancer in a patient
based on the data.
• CaDet
It is a clinical support system that could identify cancer in its early stages in
patients.
• DXplain
It was also a clinical support system that could suggest a variety of diseases
based on the findings of the doctor.
Robotics

• Science,
engineering and
technology that
produces machines,
called robots, that
substitute for (or
replicate) human
actions.
Robotics: Application Areas

Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) Service Robot

Museum Guide Robot


Natural Language Processing
• Natural Language Processing, usually shortened as NLP, is
a branch of artificial intelligence that deals with the
interaction between computers and humans using the
natural language.
• The ultimate objective of NLP is to read, decipher,
understand, and make sense of the human languages in
a manner that is valuable.
• Most NLP techniques rely on machine learning to derive
meaning from human languages.
• Processing of Natural Language is required when you
want an intelligent system like robot to perform as per
your instructions.
Application of NLP
Search engines Social networking services Automatic annotation
Media search  e-commerce websites, Content extraction

English to Japanese
English to Bangla
Fuzzy Logic
• An approach to computing based on "degrees
of truth" rather than the usual "true or false"
(1 or 0) Boolean logic.
• Fuzzy Logic (FL) is a method of reasoning that
resembles human reasoning.
• The approach of FL imitates the way of decision
making in humans that involves all
intermediate possibilities between digital
values YES and NO.
Example of a Fuzzy Logic System
• Let us consider an air
conditioning system
with 5-level fuzzy
logic system.
• This system adjusts
the temperature of
air conditioner by
comparing the room
temperature and the
target temperature
value.
Example of a Fuzzy Logic System

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