MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNTUH)

Recognized under Section 2(f) & 12(B) of the UGC Act 1956, An ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institution.
Maisammaguda, Dhulapally, post via Kompally, Secunderabad - 500100

DEPARTMENT OF CSE(AI&ML)

RTR PROJECT REVIEW

ACADEMIC YEAR : 2023-2024
YEAR : II SEM : II
DATE : -07-2024
 SMART CONTROL OF TRAFFIC LIGHT USING ARTIFICIAL
INTELLEGENCE

TEAM MEMBERS :
1. T.YASHWANTH : 22Q91A66I5
2. C.KRISHNA PRIYA : 22Q91A66D8
3. A.RITHVIK REDDY : 22Q91A66D2
4. M.MUKESH CHOWDARY : 21Q91A66F3

Under the Guidance of

Mr.C.DINESH
Assistant Professor-CSE-(AI&ML)
 CONTENTS

 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 EXISTING METHODS
 LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING METHODS
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
 NOVELTY
 PROJECT REQUIREMENT
 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
 OUTPUT SCREENSHOTS
 RESULT ANALYSIS
 CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS
 CONCLUSION
 FUTURE SCOPE
 REFERENCES
 ABSTRACT:

Traffic congestion is becoming one of the critical issues with increasing population and automobiles in cities.
Traffic jams not only cause extra delay and stress for the drivers, but also increase fuel consumption and air
pollution. Although it seems to pervade everywhere, megacities are the ones most affected by it. And its ever-
increasing nature makes it necessary to calculate the road traffic density in real-time for better signal control
and effective traffic management. The traffic controller is one of the critical factors affecting traffic flow.
Therefore, the need for optimizing traffic control to better accommodate this increasing demand arises. Our
proposed system aims to utilize live images from the cameras at traffic junctions for traffic density calculation
using image processing and AI. It also focuses on the algorithm for switching the traffic lights based on the
vehicle density to reduce congestion, thereby providing faster transit to people and reducing pollution
 INTRODUCTION :

With the increasing number of vehicles in urban areas, many road networks are facing problems with the
capacity drop of roads and the corresponding Level of Service. Many traffic-related issues occur because of
traffic control systems on intersections that use fixed signal timers. They repeat the same phase sequence and its
duration with no changes. Increased demand for road capacity also increases the need for new solutions for
traffic control that can be found in the field of Intelligent Transport Systems. Let us take the case study of
Mumbai and Bangalore. Traffic flow in Bangalore is the worst in the world while Mumbai is close behind in
fourth position, according to a report detailing the traffic situation in 416 cities across 57 countries. In
Bangalore, a journey during rush-hour takes 71% longer. In Mumbai, it is 65% longer.
 EXISTING METHODS:

• In the first method, VANETS(Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network) are used to get information and location of every
vehicle, which in turn is passed on to the nearest Intelligent Traffic light with the help of installed GPS
Further, these ITLs will update the statistics and sent it to nearby vehicles. In case of accidents, the
information would be sent to drivers to choose an alternate route to avoid congestion. However, this
technique is not feasible as its deployment is quite expensive.

• In the second method, infrared sensor-based microcontrollers are used, which capture the unique ID of every
car using transmitter and receiver. In case of an emergency situation, vehicle’s radio frequency tags can be
used to identify them and let other vehicles move. This method detects red light violations. However, this
technique is not flexible due to the fact that infrared sensors need to be in sight
 LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING METHODS

• The first method this is not feasible as its deployment is quite expensive.

• The second method detects red light violations. This technique is not flexible due to the fact that infrared
sensors need to be in sight
 PROPOSED SYSTEM

Now-a-days due to increasing number of vehicles it’s becoming difficult to manage traffic efficiently
which leads to longer duration journey and maximum petrol consumption and to avoid this problem
standard techniques was introduced such as manual traffic control which require more number of traffic
person, static time traffic control which is not effective as it will use same timer for all lanes with heavy
and light traffic and sensor based traffic management but this require heavy budget of sensor deployment
to sense and manage traffic based on density.

To overcome from above issues our team is utilizing traffic cameras and YOLO object detection
algorithms to estimate traffic density at all lanes and then adjust red and green signal time. Cameras will take
snapshot of all lanes every five seconds and then estimate traffic at lanes and based on density green and red
signal time will be adjusted.
 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

The number of vehicles of each class, such as car, bike, bus, and truck, is detected, which is to calculate the
density of traffic. The signal switching algorithm uses this density, among some other factors, to set the green
signal timer for each lane. The red signal times are updated accordingly. The green signal time is restricted to a
maximum and minimum value in order to avoid starvation of a particular lane. A simulation is also developed to
demonstrate the system’s effectiveness and compare it with the existing static system
 NOVELTY

•Adaptive Management: Real-time adjustment to traffic conditions

•IoT Integration: Utilizes sensors and devices for live data
•Predictive Analysis: Anticipates traffic patterns and congestion
•Enhanced Safety: Quick response to emergencies and accidents
•Cost Efficiency: Long-term savings from reduced congestion and accidents
•User-Friendly: Simplifies monitoring for traffic authorities
•Data-Driven: Uses comprehensive data sources for better decisions
 PROJECT REQUIREMENT

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

• Sensors and IoT Devices:

• Traffic cameras
• Pedestrian detectors
• Environmental sensors (for weather conditions)
• Edge Computing Devices:
• Local servers or edge computers for real-time data processing
• Communication Infrastructure:
• High-speed internet connection
• IoT gateways for data transmission
• Traffic Signal Controllers:
• Programmable traffic signal controllers compatible with AI systems
• Cloud Computing Resources:
• Cloud servers for data storage and advanced processing
• Backup Power Supply:
• Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems to ensure continuous operation
• Networking Hardware:
• Routers and switches for reliable network connectivity
• Control Center Hardware:
• Workstations with user-friendly interfaces for traffic management authorities
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT:

• Operating system : Windows 7 Ultimate.

• Coding Language : Python.
• Front-End : Python.
• Back-End : Django-ORM
• Designing : Html, CSS, JavaScript.
• Data Base : MySQL (WAMP Server).
SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
 OUTPUT

• To run project double click on ‘run.bat’ file to get below output

In above screen click on ‘Run Traffic Simulation’ button to start PYGAME simulation and get below output
In above screen selecting and uploading ‘traffic2.mp4’ video and then click on ‘Open’ button to get below
output
In above screen detecting traffic and then estimating its count and based on that traffic time will be
adjusted. YOLO runs very slowly in normal laptop so let it finish all frame processing then u will get
output.mp4 file which you can play as normal video with traffic density.
 RESULT ANALYSIS

• Improved Traffic Flow:

• Significant reduction in traffic congestion and waiting times.

• Smoother traffic movement during peak and off-peak hours.

• Reduced Emissions:

• Lower fuel consumption due to decreased idling.

• Reduction in vehicle emissions contributing to better air quality.

• Enhanced Safety:

• Faster response times to emergency vehicles.

• Decreased accident rates due to adaptive signal timing.

• Economic Benefits:

• Cost savings from reduced fuel usage and decreased travel time.

• Lower maintenance costs due to optimized traffic signal operation.

• User Satisfaction:

• Positive feedback from commuters on reduced travel times.

• Increased satisfaction from traffic management authorities due to efficient system performance.

• Data Insights:

• Valuable data collected for further urban planning and infrastructure improvements.

• Insights into traffic patterns and behavior for future optimizations.

 CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS

• High Initial Costs:

• Significant investment required for hardware and infrastructure setup.

• Reliability Issues:

• Dependence on continuous internet connectivity and power supply.

• Potential vulnerabilities to cyber-attacks.

• Environmental Factors:

• Sensor accuracy can be affected by adverse weather conditions.

• Maintenance challenges due to environmental wear and tear

 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the proposed system sets the green signal time adaptively according to the traffic density at
the signal and ensures that the direction with more traffic is allotted a green signal for a longer duration of
time as compared to the direction with lesser traffic. This will lower the unwanted delays and reduce
congestion and waiting time, which in turn will reduce fuel consumption and pollution. According to
simulation results, the system shows about 23% improvement over the current system in terms of the
number of vehicles crossing the intersection, which is a significant improvement. With further calibration
using real- life CCTV data for training the model, this system can be improved to perform even better
 FUTURE SCOPE

• Adaptive Traffic Control Systems: AI and IoT enable adaptive traffic control systems to adjust signal
timings dynamically based on real-time traffic conditions, improving traffic flow.

• Communication and Connectivity: IoT-based communication protocols enhance data exchange reliability
and reduce latency for traffic control through hybrid architectures combining cellular networks and DSRC.
 REFERENCES

[1] TomTom.com, 'Tom Tom World Traffic Index', 2019. [Online]. Available:

https://www.tomtom.com/en_gb/traffic-index/ranking/

[2] Khushi, "Smart Control of Traffic Light System using Image Processing," 2017 International Conference on

Current Trends in Computer, Electrical, Electronics and Communication (CTCEEC), Mysore, 2017, pp. 99-103,

Doi: 10.1109/CTCEEC.2017.8454966.

[3] A. Vogel, I. Oremović, R. Šimić and E. Ivanjko, "Improving Traffic Light Control by Means of Fuzzy Logic,"

2018 International Symposium ELMAR, Zadar, 2018, pp. 51-56, doi: 10.23919/ELMAR.2018.8534692.

[4] A. A. Zaid, Y. Suhweil and M. A. Yaman, "Smart controlling for traffic light time," 2017 IEEE Jordan

Conference on Applied Electrical Engineering and Computing Technologies (AEECT), Aqaba, 2017, pp. 1-5, doi:

10.1109/AEECT.2017.8257768.
[5] Renjith Soman "Traffic Light Control and Violation Detection Using Image Processing”.” IOSR

Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN), vol. 08, no. 4, 2018, pp. 23-27

[6] A. Kanungo, A. Sharma and C. Singla, "Smart traffic lights switching and traffic density calculation

using video processing," 2014 Recent Advances in Engineering and Computational Sciences (RAECS),

Chandigarh, 2014, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/RAECS.2014.6799542.

[7] Siddharth Srivastava, Subhadeep Chakraborty, Raj Kamal, Rahil, Minocha, “Adaptive traffic light

timer controller” , IIT KANPUR, NERD MAGAZINE

[8] Ms. Saili Shinde, Prof. Sheetal Jagtap, Vishwakarma Institute Of Technology, Intelligent traffic

management system:a Review, IJIRST 2016

THANK YOU