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The Conditionals

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19 views9 pages

The Conditionals

Uploaded by

yadiraa.bonillaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1 Zero conditional : simple present …, …simple present

What you normally do in real-life situations


If I go to a friend’s house for dinner, I usually take a bottle of wine or some flowers.
When I have a day off work, I often stay in to read.

If/When: “if” suggests something happens less frequently; “when” suggests


something happens regularly.
The Conditionals
1st conditional : after the following :

 if / when / in case / as soon as / unless use the PRESENT tense


 in the second clause use WILL

e.g. If it rains, I’ll take my umbrella


When / As soon as I arrive , I’ll phone you

I’ll give you some money in case you need to buy some food

 This conditional refers to events which are : POSSIBLE / LIKELY / REAL


2nd conditional :

 After “ if “ use the PAST tense


 In the second clause use WOULD

 It refers to what is : IMPOSSIBLE / UNLIKELY / UNREAL, a DREAM

e.g. If I were you , I would see a doctor about your cold. ( impossible, I can’t be you)

If I won the lottery , I would buy a Ferrari. ( possible but unlikely)

If I met Zinedine Zidane , I would ask for his autograph. (dream)


3rd conditional :

 After “ if “ use the past perfect ( HAD + past participle )


 In the second clause use WOULD HAVE + past participle

 It refers to something that was ( or wasn’t ) done in the past ,often with regret

e.g. If I had worked harder ( but I didn’t ) , I would have passed the exam
I wouldn’t have failed the exam

If I hadn’t overslept ( but I did ), I wouldn’t have been late.


5 Mixed conditionals
PAST PRESENT
If I had won the lottery, I would be rich now. But I didn’t win and I am not rich now
If she had been born in the USA, she wouldn’t need a visa now. But she wasn’t born there and needs a
visa now.
PAST FUTURE
If she had signed up for the ski trip, she would be joining us tomorrow.
If Mark had got the job instead of Bob, he would be moving to New York.
PRESENT PAST
If I were rich, I would have bought that Ferrari we saw yesterday.
If I didn’t have to work so much, I would have come to your party last night.
PRESENT FUTURE
If she were more creative, the company would send her to New York.
FUTURE PAST
If she weren’t making us a big meal tonight, I would have suggested that we go to that new restaurant.
2 First conditional : simple present…,…will + infinitive / going to.
Imagining or guessing about the future.
If I go to my friend’s house for dinner this evening, I’ll take a bottle of wine.
I’m still not sure if I will go or not.
When I have a day off work, I am going to go to the beach.
I have to wait until I have a day off.
If the weather is nice tomorrow, I’ll walk to work tomorrow.
It depends on the weather.
If/When: “if” suggests you do not know if something will happen; “when”
suggests something will definitely happen.
When you call me, I’ll give you the address.
I know you are going to call me later.
If you call me, I’ll give you the address.
If you want the address, you can call me.
3 a Second conditional - present unreal : past tense…,…would
What you would generally do in imaginary situations.
If I owned a house near the sea, I would go there every opportunity.
But I don’t own a house.
She would travel round the world if she had more money.
But she doesn’t have much money.
What would you do if you won the lottery? - I would buy a house.
If she were French, she would live in Paris.
Only use “if” not “when” because these are imaginary situations.
3b Second conditional – future unreal
If I had a day off next week, I would go to the beach. I don’t have a day off work.
I am busy next week. If I had time, I would come to your party. I can’t come.
He’d help me with the work tomorrow if he didn’t have a lot of work. He does
have a lot of work.

Variation
If I were going to the Alps, I would be taking my walking boots. I AM NOT going
AND NOT TAKING my boots.
If I were not visiting my in-laws, I would invite you for dinner. I AM going to visit
them.
4 Third conditional – past unreal: past perfect …,…would have + past participle
Imaginary situations in the past; what you would have done differently, how something could have
happened differently if circumstances had been different.
If I had owned a house near the sea, I would have gone there every summer. But I didn’t own one.
She would have travelled around the world if she had had more money. But she didn’t have money.

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