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Climate and ice ages
Unit 5.4 Starter Lesson Objectives
● Learn about how the Earth’s climate has changed
in past. ● Find out about ice ages, glacial and interglacial periods. ● Look at some of the evidence that the Earth’s climate cycles between colder and warmer periods Key words Glacial period: the coldest part of an ice age Interglacial period: a warmer part of an ice age Cycle: a regular changing pattern from one thing to another Ice ages: times when part of the Earth has permanent ice Boulder: large rock Glacier: river of ice formed from snow that has become compressed over a long time Peat bog: an area of wetland where the decay of dead plant material has been delayed Exploring Ice Ages ● Ice age: A time when part of Earth has permanent ice. ● The time of Yoku was the Glacial period, Because so much of the Earth was frozen ● The Earth is currently in the interglacial period ● Earth’s climate has cycled between glacial and interglacial periods since last 450000 years Exploring Ice Ages
● In an interglacial period, there is permanent ice
close to the North and South Poles. ● In a glacial period, the ice spreads much further south from the North Pole and further north from the South Pole. Class Activity 5.4.1 - Page 172 More on Ice Age Ice ages LMS Quizlet https://lms.vinschool.edu.vn/courses/89268/pages/unit-5-materials-and-their-struct ure-quizlet-set?module_item_id=14408639
From Q14 Pollen Evidence for Glacial and Interglacial Periods
Peat Bog Formation
● Peat bog is an area of wetland where the decay of dead plant material has been delayed(due to low-oxygen, slightly acidic conditions). ● Over time, peat bogs form, with deeper layers representing older historical periods. Peat Cores as Historical Records ● Scientists use an auger to extract cores from peat bogs. ● Cores show layered history; the deepest layers are the oldest. ● Careful handling ensures the layers remain in order for accurate dating. Pollen Analysis and Climate Study ● Pollen from core layers is analysed to identify plant species. ● Plant species reveal the type of climate they thrived in during that time. ● This allows scientists to reconstruct past climate conditions. Example from New Zealand
● A core sample dated back
127,000 years was extracted from a peat bog. ● Pollen analysis showed changes in plant life and climate over this period. ● This evidence helps differentiate glacial (cold) and interglacial (warmer) periods.
