GENERAL

PHYSICS
Lesson 1.

Units
Physical Quantities
Measurement
Graphical Presentation Linear Fitting of
Data
Lesson 2.
Vectors

Lesson 3

Kinematics: Motion Along a Straight Line

Lesson 4
Kinematics: Motion in 2- Dimensions and 3-
Dimensions
Lesson 5

Newton’s Laws of Motion and

Applications
Lesson 6

Work, Energy, and Energy Conservation

Measurement
Guide questions:

1. What is measurement
2. What is unit
3. What is physical quantity
Measurement
-Measurement is a technique in which the properties of
an object are determined by comparing them to a
standard quantity

Unit
Units are used to
measure a physical
quantity, such as mass
or length
Physical quantity
physical quantity (or simply quantity) is a property of a
material or system that can be quantified by measurement
DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF MEASUREMENT

• Metric system

• English system

• SI or International System
of unit
SI or International System of unit
Derived from French , is the modern form of the metric system.
.

• Metric system
-The MKS and the CGS system

• English system
-The FPS System
 Table 1-1
SI Fundamental Units
Quantity Unit Symbol Definition
One meter is the distance travelled by light in a vacuum during a
Length meter m time interval of of a second.
One kilogram is the mass of the standard platinum-iridium cylinder
Mass kilogram kg kept at the international Bureau of Weights and Measures in
France.
One second is the duration of 9192631770 periods of the radiation
Time second s corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the
ground state of cesium-133 atoms.

Temperature kelvin K One Kelvin is the fraction 1/273.16 of the triple point of water.
One ampere is the constant current flowing in each of two long
parallel wires, 1.0 m apart, that would produce between these
Electric current ampere A wires a force equal to newton per meter of length of each wire.

One candela is the luminous intensity in a given direction of a

source that emits a monochromatic radiation of frequency Hz and
Luminous intensity Candela cd that has a radiant intensity in that direction of watts per steradian

One mole is the amount of substance that contains as many atoms

Amount of substance mole mol or molecules as there are atoms in of carbon -12.
 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND UNIT CONVERSION

Scientific notation is a convenient and widely used method of

expressing large and small numbers.

Any quantity may be expressed in the form of , where N is

any number between 1 and 10 and is the appropriate power
of 10.
 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND UNIT CONVERSION

EXAMPLE: (write the following into scientific notation)

1. The speed of light is approximately

2. The mass of a strand of hair is approximately
 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND UNIT CONVERSION
In expressing SI measurements in scientific notation, the SI prefixes are used to denote decimal multiples
and submultiples of the SI units. These prefixes are listed in table 1-2.
Table 1-2
SI Prefixes

𝑦
SI Prefix Symbol Multiplier SI Prefix Symbol Multiplier

𝑧
yotta- yocto-

𝑎
zeta- zepto-

𝑓
exa- atto-

𝑝
peta- femto-

𝑛
tera- pico-

𝜇
giga- nano-

𝑚
mega- micro-

𝑐
kilo- milli-

𝑑
hecto- centi-
deca- deci-
 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND UNIT CONVERSION

UNIT CONVERSION

The simplest way to convert one unit to another is to form a

conversion ratio (equal to one) with the desire unit on the
numerator and the unit to be converted at the denominator. The
original quantity is multiplied by the conversion ratio. Units may
be multiplied or divided just like any ordinary algebraic factors.
 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND UNIT CONVERSION

UNIT CONVERSION

Convert a 55 km to meters and b 12 g to kilograms.

EXAMPLE/s:

Express your answers in scientific notation.

Solution:

55 km=55 km × 1 km=55×1000 m = 55×10 =5.5×10 m

1000m 3 4

1 kg
12 g=12 g× 1000 g=12×10 kg=1.2×10 kg
-3 -2
 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION AND UNIT CONVERSION

UNIT CONVERSION
1. The SI unit of force is the newton, represented by an capital letter
. One newton of force gives a body an acceleration . is equal to .
A smaller unit of force is the dyne. dyne is equal to How many
dynes are there in ?
3 2
𝑚 1× 10 𝑔 1 × 10 𝑐𝑚
1 𝑁 =1𝑘𝑔 ∙ 2 × ×
𝑠 1𝑘𝑔 1𝑚
𝑐𝑚
¿ 1 × 105 𝑔 ∙
5
2
=1 × 10 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒𝑠
𝑠