Variation

Prepared by: Ralph L. Morillo

 Objectives
1 1.Illustratesituationsthatinvolvethefollowingvariations:(a)direct;(b)inverse

2 2.Reflectonhowcantheideaofvariationberelativetoreal-life.

3 3.Solveproblemsinvolvingvariation
Variation

• A variation is a relationship between two or

more variables in such a way that as one
quantity changes, the other quantity also
changes in a definite way.
Variable
• A variable in Mathematics is defined as the alphabetic
character that expresses a numerical value or a number. In
algebraic equations, a variable is used to represent an
unknown quantity.
• These variables can be any alphabets from a to z. Most
commonly, ‘a’,’b’,’c’, ‘x’,’y’ and ‘z’ are used as variables in
equations.
Two Types of Variable
Independent
• It is a variable that stands
alone and is not changed
by the other variables you
are trying to measure . It is
rather considered the cause
or reason of an observed
effect.

• It typically acts as the “x” of

the variation. (Note: you can
also use other letters aside
from x)
Dependent
• It is a variable that depends
on another variable you are
trying to measure. It is
considered as the effect or
outcome in a situation.

• Dependent variable acts as

the “y” of the variation.
(Note: you can also use other
letters aside from y )
Relationship between independent and dependent variable
Relationship between independent and dependent variable
Relationship between independent and dependent variable
Identify the dependent and independent variables.

1. Jonas can’t decide if he should go to school

because the LGUs don’t yet announce if the class is
suspended due to the alleged Typhoon.
2. Sir Brenzy wants to give good grades, but the
students do not comply with the subject requirements.
3. If Gray will not attend the class, then so does
Yvonne.
Identify the dependent and independent variables.

4. God will provide, let us don’t lose hope.

5. I forgot to review, that’s why I got low scores with
my quizzes and post rants about my teacher on social
media.
Identify the dependent and independent variables.
1. Independent Variable: Announcement of class suspension by
LGUs Dependent Variable: Jonas's decision to go to school
2. Independent Variable: Students' compliance with subject
requirements Dependent Variable: Sir Brenzy's ability to give
good grades
3. Independent Variable: Gray's attendance Dependent Variable:
Yvonne's attendance
4. Independent Variable: Hope Dependent Variable: Provision by
God
5. Independent Variable: Reviewing for quizzes Dependent
Variable: Scores on quizzes and posting rants about the teacher
on social media
Is there a point of your life where
you felt dependent/independent
(except from your family)?
Elaborate.
Answer the following question above on a 1/2 sheet of paper
Types of Variation
1. Direct Variation
Direct Variation

A direct variation is a variation in which the quotient of

two variables is constant.

“In direct variation, as one variable

increases/decreases, the other variable also
increases/decreases respectively.”
Example of Direct Variation

Miwah and Penny walk to go to school. At a constant rate, it takes

them 20 minutes to reach the school in time for their first subject.
How long is the distance they have to travel in 5, 10, and 20 mins?

Time 2 5 10 20

Distance 100 ? ? ?
Direct Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which is the independent variable (x) and

dependent variable (y).
Direct Variation

Miwah and Penny walk to go to school. At a constant rate, it takes

them 20 minutes to reach the school in time for their first subject.
How long is the distance they have to travel in 5, 10, and 20 mins?

x Time 2 5 10 20

y Distance 100 ? ? ?
Direct Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which is the independent variable (x) and

dependent variable (y).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant(k).

k = y/x k = 100/2 k = 50

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of y.

y = k(x)
Direct Variation
Miwah and Penny walk to go to school. At a constant rate, it takes
them 20 minutes to reach the school in time for their first subject.
Given the table below, how long is the distance they have to travel in
5, 10, and 20 mins?

x Time 2 5 10 20

y Distance 100 ? ? ?

y = k(x) y = 50(5) y = 250

Direct Variation
Miwah and Penny walk to go to school. At a constant rate, it takes
them 20 minutes to reach the school in time for their first subject.
Given the table below, how long is the distance they have to travel in
5, 10, and 20 mins?

x Time 2 5 10 20

y Distance 100 250 ? ?

y = k(x) y = 50(10) y = 500

Direct Variation
Miwah and Penny walk to go to school. At a constant rate, it takes
them 20 minutes to reach the school in time for their first subject.
Given the table below, how long is the distance they have to travel in
5, 10, and 20 mins?

x Time 2 5 10 20

y Distance 100 250 500 ?

y = k(x) y = 50(20) y = 1000

Direct Variation
Miwah and Penny walk to go to school. At a constant rate, it takes
them 20 minutes to reach the school in time for their first subject.
Given the table below, how long is the distance they have to travel in
5, 10, and 20 mins?

x Time 2 5 10 20

y Distance 100 250 500 1000

Graphing Direct Variation
1200
Time 2 5 10 20
1000

Distance 100 250 500 1000 800

Distance (m)
600

400

200

0
2 5 10 20
Time (min)
Summary: Direct Variation

• As one variable (x) increases, the other variable (y) also

increases; or
• As one variable (x) decreases, the other variable (y) also
decreases.
• Formula for constant (k):
• Formula for dependent variable (y)
or the equation of the variation:
• Formula for independent variable (x):
1.5: Direct Power Variation
Direct Power Variation

A direct power variation is a variation where one

quantity y varies directly as the power n of the other
quantity x wherein the formula for the constant (k) is
k = y/x n where k ≠ 0.
“In direct power variation, as one variable
increases/decreases, the other quantity
increases/decreases in power respectively.”
Example of Direct Power Variation

Kharlos created a lot to plant his crops. If the length is 1 meter,

which makes its area into 4 square meters, what would be the area
of the lot if the length will be increased into 2, 3, 4 meters?

Length 1 2 3 4

Area 4 ? ? ?
Direct Power Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which is the independent variable (x) and

dependent variable (y).
Direct Power Variation

Kharlo created a lot to plant his crops. If the length is 1 meter, which
makes it area into 4 square meters, what would be the area of the lot
if it will be increased into 2, 3, 4 meters?

x Length (m) 1 2 3 4

y Area (m2) 4 ? ? ?
Direct Power Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which is the independent variable (x) and

dependent variable (y).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant(k).

k = y/(x)n k = 4/12 k=4

Since were looking for the values area, therefore we will use n=2

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of y = k(x) n

Direct Power Variation

Kharlo created a lot to plant his crops. If the length is 1 meter, which
makes it area into 4 square meters, what would be the area of the lot
if it will be increased into 2, 3, 4 meters?

x Length (m) 1 2 3 4

y Area (m2) 4 ? ? ?

y = k(x)n y = 4(2)2 y = 16
Direct Power Variation

Kharlo created a lot to plant his crops. If the length is 1 meter, which
makes it area into 4 square meters, what would be the area of the lot
if it will be increased into 2, 3, 4 meters?

x Length (m) 1 2 3 4

y Area (m2) 4 16 ? ?

y = k(x)n y = 4(3)2 y = 36
Direct Power Variation

Kharlo created a lot to plant his crops. If the length is 1 meter, which
makes it area into 4 square meters, what would be the area of the lot
if it will be increased into 2, 3, 4 meters?

x Length (m) 1 2 3 4

y Area (m2) 4 16 36 ?

y = k(x)n y = 4(4)2 y = 64
Direct Power Variation

Kharlo created a lot to plant his crops. If the length is 1 meter, which
makes it area into 4 square meters, what would be the area of the lot
if it will be increased into 2, 3, 4 meters?

x Length (m) 1 2 3 4

y Area (m2) 4 16 36 64
Graphing Direct Power Variation
70
Length (m) 1 2 3 4
60

Area (m2) 4 16 36 64 50

40

Area
30

20

10

0
1 2 3 4
Length
Summary: Direct Power Variation

• As one variable (x) increases, the other variable (y) also

increases in power; or
• As one variable (x) decreases, the other variable (y) also
decreases in power.
• Formula for constant (k):
• Formula for dependent variable (y)
or the equation of the variation:
• Formula for independent variable (x):
2. Inverse Variation
Inverse Variation

Also called indirect variation, is a variation in which

the product of two variables is constant.

“In inverse variation, as one variable

increases/decreases, the other variable do the
opposite.”
Inverse Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days. How many days can 10

workers/20 workers/ 25 workers finish the same job?

Workers 5 10 20 25

Days 20 ? ? ?
Inverse Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which is the independent variable (x) and

dependent variable (y).
Inverse Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days. How many days can 10

workers/20 workers/ 25 workers finish the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 ? ? ?
Inverse Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which is the independent variable (x) and

dependent variable (y).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant(k).

k = y(x) k = 5(20) k = 100

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of y.

y = k/x
Inverse Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days. How many days can 10

workers/20 workers/ 25 workers finish the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 ? ? ?

y = k/x y = 100/10 y = 10
Inverse Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days. How many days can 10

workers/20 workers/ 25 workers finish the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 ? ?

y = k/x y = 100/20 y=5

Inverse Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days. How many days can 10

workers/20 workers/ 25 workers finish the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 5 ?

y = k/x y = 100/25 y=4

Inverse Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days. How many days can 10

workers/20 workers/ 25 workers finish the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 5 4
Inverse Variation
Workers 5 10 20 25 25

20
Days 20 10 5 4
15

Days
10

0
5 10 20 25

Workers
Summary: Inverse Variation

• As one variable (x) increases, the other variable (y) also

decreases; or
• As one variable (x) decreases, the other variable (y) also
increases.
• Formula for constant (k):
• Formula for dependent variable (y)
or the equation of the variation:
• Formula for independent variable (x):
Activity no. 1: Direct Variation

Find the
Find the
If y varies Find the value of x
equation of
directly as x constant (k) when y =
variation
12
y = 32, when
x = 16
y = 8, when
x = 1/2 or 0.5
y = 3/4 or 0.75,
when x = 6
Activity no. 1: Direct Variation

Find the
Find the
If y varies Find the value of x
equation of
directly as x constant (k) when y =
variation
12
y = 32, when y = k(x) = 2(16)
2 6
x = 16 = 32
y = 8, when y = k(x) =
16 12/16 or 3/4
x = 1/2 or 0.5 16(0.5) = 8
y = 3/4 or 0.75, y = k(x) =
1/8 96
when x = 6 1/8(6) = .75
Activity no. 2: Direct Power Variation

Find the
If y varies Find the
Find the value of y
directly as equation of
constant (k) when
square of x variation
x=4
y = 36, when
x=3
y = 8, when
x=2
y = 100, when
x=5
Activity no. 3: Inverse Variation
Find the
Find the
If y varies Find the value of y
equation of
inversely as x constant (k) when
variation
x=4
y = 6, when
x=3
y = 8, when
x=2
y = 100, when x
= 1/5
3. Joint Variation
Joint Variation

Joint variation is a variation where a quantity varies as

the product of two or more other quantities.

“In joint variation, as either or both two variable

increases/decreases, the other variable also
increases/decreases.”
Joint Variation

In joint variation, there will be two (2) independent

variables, the x and the y, and one (1) dependent
variable, which is the z.
Joint Variation

Sab and Gab have a collection of rectangular frames,

one measuring 3m in length and 2m in width, with an
area of 6m 2 .
• If we increase the length by 3 more units, what
happens to the width if the area will be 12m 2 ?
• If we increase the width by 2, what happens to the
length if the area will be 12m 2 ?
• If we increase both the length and width by 5, what
happens to the area?
Joint Variation

Situation No. 1: If we increase the length by 3 more

units, what happens to the width if the area is 12m2?

Length (m) 3

Width (m) 2

Area (m2) 6
Joint Variation

Situation No. 1: If we increase the length by 3 more units,

what happens to the width if the area is 12m2?

Length (m) 3 3+3=6

Width (m) 2

Area (m2) 6
Joint Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which are the independent variable (x) and (y),
and the dependent variable (z).
Joint Variation

Situation No. 1: If we increase the length by 3 more units,

what happens to the width if the area is 12m2?
x Length (m) 3 6
y Width (m) 2

z Area (m2) 6 12
Joint Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which are the independent variable (x) and (y),
and the dependent variable (z).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant(k).

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of y:

Joint Variation

Situation No. 1: If we increase the length by 3 more

units, what happens to the width if the area is 12m2?
x Length (m) 3 6
y Width (m) 2

z Area (m2) 6 12

𝒛
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝐲= 𝐲= 𝐲= 𝒚 =𝟐
𝐤𝐱 𝟏(𝟔) 𝟔
Joint Variation

Situation No. 1: If we increase the length by 3 more

units, what happens to the width if the area is 12m2?
x Length (m) 3 6
y Width (m) 2

z Area (m2) 6 12
Joint Variation

Situation No. 2: If we increase the width by 2, what

happens to the length if the area is 12m2?
x Length (m) 3 6
y Width (m) 2 2 4

z Area (m2) 6 12 12
Joint Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which are the independent variable (x) and (y),
and the dependent variable (z).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant(k).

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of x:

Joint Variation

Situation No. 2: If we increase the width by 2, what

happens to the length if the area is 12m2?
x Length (m) 3 6
y Width (m) 2 2 4

z Area (m2) 6 12 12

𝒛 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐
𝐱= 𝐲= 𝐲= 𝒚 =𝟑
𝐤𝒚 𝟏(𝟒) 𝟒
Joint Variation

Situation No. 2: If we increase the width by 2, what

happens to the length if the area is 12m2?
x Length (m) 3 6 3
y Width (m) 2 2 4

z Area (m2) 6 12 12
Joint Variation

Situation No. 3: If we increase both the length and the

width by 5, what will be the area?
x Length (m) 3 6 3 8
y Width (m) 2 2 4 7

z Area (m2) 6 12 12
Joint Variation

Situation No. 3: If we increase both the length and the

width by 5, what will be the area?
x Length (m) 3 6 3 8
y Width (m) 2 2 4 7

z Area (m2) 6 12 12

𝐳 = 𝒌𝒙𝒚 𝐲 =(𝟏)(𝟖)(𝟕) 𝐲 = 𝟓𝟔
Joint Variation

Situation No. 3: If we increase both the length and the

width by 5, what will be the area?
x Length (m) 3 6 3 8
y Width (m) 2 2 4 7

z Area (m2) 6 12 12 56
Joint Variation
9
Length (m) 3 6 3 8 8
8
7
7
Width (m) 2 2 4 7 6

Length and Width

6
Area (m2) 6 12 12 56 5
4
4
3 3
3
2 2
2
1
0
6 12 12 56
Area

Length Width
Summary: Joint Variation

• As either or both variables (x & y) increase, the other variable (z)

also decreases; or
• Formula for constant (k):
• Formula for the dependent variable
(z) or the equation of the variation:

• Formula for independent variable (x):

• Formula for independent variable (y):
Activity no. 4: Joint Variation
Find the
If z varies Find z if you
Find the value of y
jointly as x and add one (1) to
constant (k) when
y both x and y
z = 64, x = 8
z = 48, when
x = 3, y = 4
z = 56, when
x = , y = 14
z = , when
x = 6, y = 16
4. Combined Variation
Combined Variation

A combined variation is a kind of variation that

involves the combination of either the “direct and
inverse variation” or “joint and inverse variation.”

“In combined variation, as one variable increases,

the other two variables also increase and do the
opposite, respectively.”
Combined Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

Workers 5 10 20 25

Days 20 10 ? 4

Labor 5,000 ? 80,000 ?

Combined Variation

In combined variation, there will be one (1)

independent variables, the x, and two (2) dependent
variables, which is the y (inverse) and z (direct).

Technically, combined variation are two variations,

combined.
Combined Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which are the independent variable (x), the

inversely dependent variable (y), and the direct dependent variable
(z).
Combined Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 ? 4

z Labor 5,000 ? 80,000 ?

Combined Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which are the independent variable (x), the

inversely dependent variable (y), and the direct dependent variable
(z).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant (k).

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of z:

Combined Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 ? 4

z Labor 5,000 ? 80,000 ?

Combined Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 ? 4

z Labor 5,000 20,000 80,000 ?

Combined Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which are the independent variable (x), the

inversely dependent variable (y), and the direct dependent variable
(z).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant (k).

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of y:

Combined Variation
If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 ? 4

z Labor 5,000 20,000 80,000 ?

Combined Variation
If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 5 4

z Labor 5,000 20,000 80,000 ?

Combined Variation

Step 1: Distinguish which are the independent variable (x), the

inversely dependent variable (y), and the direct dependent variable
(z).

Step 2: Use the formula to find the constant (k).

Step 3: Use the formula to find the value of z:

Combined Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 5 4

z Labor 5,000 20,000 80,000 ?

Combined Variation

If 5 workers can complete a job in 20 days, and the expenses for the
labor would be Php5,000.00. How many days can the new set of
workers finish the job? How much would be the cost of labor if you
add more workers for the same job?

x Workers 5 10 20 25

y Days 20 10 5 4

z Labor 5,000 20,000 80,000 125,000

Combined Variation
Workers 5 10 20 25
Days 20 10 5 4
Labor 5,000 20,000 80,000 125,000
Days Labor
25 140,000 125,000
20 120,000
Days

20
100,000
80,000
15 80,000
10 60,000
10 8
5 40,000
5 20,000
20,000 5,000
0 0
5 10 20 25 5 10 20 25
Area Area
Summary: Combined Variation

• As the x increases, the y decreases, and the z also increases.

• Formula for constant (k):

• Formula for the independent
variable (x):
• Formula for dependent inverse
variable (y):
• Formula for independent variable (z)
or the equation of the variation:
Activity no. 5: Combined Variation

Rest Well and have a great day

ahead
 THANKS
Grade 9
Independ
ent
Variables!