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PipeFlow 2

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7 views5 pages

PipeFlow 2

Uploaded by

bhavins22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Turbulent Flow through circular pipes

For simplicity, take a 2-D Cartesian coordinate system:


• Continuity:
• x-direction Momentum:
 May be written as:

• The instantaneous values are replaced by, e.g.,


 ; time-averaging gives: ; and subtraction:
 The mean as well as the fluctuations satisfy continuity equation

 Time-averaging: Reynolds stress terms


Velocity Profile: The velocity scale is the shear velocity,
• For smooth pipes (y is distance from wall):
 for and for
 Friction factor given by Prandtl equation (implicit):
• For completely rough pipes ( is average roughness height, D is pipe diameter):

 Friction factor given by von Karman equation:


• Colebrook-White equation (implicit) for all pipes:
 Moody’s chart (or diagram)
• Churchill approximation (explicit) :
1000

100
rv*y/m
10

0.1
0 5 10 15 20 25
v/v*
Steady Pipe-Flow
For Example: Water supply from a reservoir, distribution through a pipe network
We will discuss: Single pipe, pipes in series and parallel, branching pipes, pipe networks
Flow through a single pipe
• The parameters are (assuming that the fluid is water and pipe-length is fixed):
• Finding head loss for a given Q, D and material (simplest type of problems):
• Re and /D are known, find f and then hl
• Finding discharge for a given head loss and pipe (e.g., flow from a reservoir)
• Re is not known (/D is known) – assume large Re, find f, then Q and a new Re and iterate
• Direct solution : which is known. Find f from Colebrook-White equation
• In terms of non-dimensional quantities:
• Finding diameter for a given head loss and discharge (design problem)
• Needs iterations: Re is not known and /D is also not known – assume some diameter (or some other
parameter), find Re and /D, find f, then D and new Re and /D, and iterate.
• Direct approximate solution (Swamee):

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