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Energy Conserv Ation

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13 views26 pages

Energy Conserv Ation

Uploaded by

tallkumar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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“Energy conservation"

More than 95 % of the eenrgy used in the


World is from Non-renewable fossil fuels
Coal

Reserves/Production (R/P) - 122 years


Oil

Reserves/Production (R/P) - 42 years


Natural Gas

Reserves/Production (R/P) - 60 years


USA consumes 20% of all the energy used in
the World
Primary Energy Consumption Mix in
India in 2008-09
Indian Energy Scenario
• Coal Sector
– 7.1 % of the world reserves
– higher calorific value and low ash content coal are being imported mainly from Australia,
Indonesia and South Africa
– 15 % of the annual coal requirement imported
– A tax (clean energy cess) of Rs. 50 on every tonne of coal mined in the country as well as that
imported from abroad.
• Oil Sector
– 0.5% of the total world reserves
– accounts for about 31 % of the country’s primary energy consumption
– transport accounts for 42% followed by domestic sector and industry sector with 24% each
respectively
• Natural Gas Sector
– 0.6% of the total World reserves
– natural gas is cooled to -161oC to get Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) (600 times reduction in
volume)
– Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is made by compressing natural gas to less than 1% of the
volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure
– accounts for about 8.6 per cent of fuel consumption

India’s oil and gas reserves are estimated at just 20 years and 36 years
respectively. Coal is likely to last for 114 years.
Electrical Energy Supply
• installed capacity 2,11,766 MW as on Jan 2013
• India faces energy shortage of 9.8% and peak shortage of
16.6%.
• India’s percapita 631 kiloWatt hour (kWh) per person per year. The
comparable figure for Japan is 8,076, for China 1379, for USA 13,338, for
UK 6206, for Canada 17179 and world average is 2430.

Fuel MW %age
Total Thermal 141713.68 66.91
Coal 121,610.88 57.42
Gas 18,903.05 8.92
Oil 1,199.75 0.56
Hydro (Renewable) 39,416.40 18.61
Nuclear 4,780.00 2.25
RES** (MNRE) 25,856.14 12.20
Total 2,11,766.22 100.00
Sector wise Energy Consumption in
India

Sector Energy Consumption, Mtoe %


Agriculture 16.76 7
Industry 102.94 45
Transport 40.31 18
Residential 31.44 14
Commercial 3.51 2
Other energy uses 16.54 7
Non-energy uses 18.36 8
229.86 100
Electricity Pricing
• The average tariff in India is four times that of
USA and twice that of Japan
• Consumer prices for electricity are currently
set by State Electricity Regulatory
Commissions on cost plus basis.
• Cross subsidy
• Availability Based Tariffs
Energy Conservation and its
Importance
• Coal and other fossil
fuels, have taken
hundreds of millions
of years to form, are
likely to deplete soon.
• already consumed
60% of all resources
• will not exist for
future generations
Even in US economy about 43 % is unnecessary
energy wastage
Electrical energy: Stage wise losses
Adverse Environmental Impacts of
Energy Use
• Global warming
• Acid rain
• Ozone layer depletion
• Localised pollution
Alternate Energy Technologies
India brings out law for energy
conservation
THE ENERGY CONSERVATION
ACT, 2001 No 52 OF 2001
[29th September 2001]

An Act to provide for efficient use of


energy and its conservation and for
matters connected therewith or
incidental thereto.
Star labeling schemes introduced
National Mission for
Enhanced Energy Efficiency
NATIONAL MISSION ON
ENHANCED ENERGY EFFICIENCY (NMEEE)

• The National Action Plan on Climate Change


was released by Honorable Prime Minister of
India in June 2008

• The Action Plan Outlines 8 Missions including


National Mission on Enhanced Energy
Efficiency (NMEEE)
Mission Goals

• Market-based approaches to unlock energy efficiency


opportunities, estimated to be about Rs. 74,000 Crores
• By 2014-15:
– Annual fuel savings in excess of 23 million toe
– Cumulative avoided electricity capacity addition of 19,000 MW
– CO2 emission mitigation of 98 million tons per year
NMEEE – Four New Initiatives
Para 4.2 of the National Action Plan on Climate Change mandates:
• A market based mechanism to enhance cost effectiveness of improvements in
energy efficiency in energy-intensive large industries and facilities, through
certification of energy savings that could be traded. (Perform Achieve and
Trade)
• Accelerating the shift to energy efficient appliances in designated sectors
through innovative measures to make the products more affordable. (Market
Transformation for Energy Efficiency)
• Creation of mechanisms that would help finance demand side management
programmes in all sectors by capturing future energy savings. (Energy
Efficiency Financing Platform)
• Developing fiscal instruments to promote energy efficiency (Framework for
Energy Efficient Economic Development)
Perform, Achieve & Trade (PAT) Mechanism
(The market based mechanism through cost effectiveness approach for
improving energy efficiency in energy intensive sectors)

• Energy Savings Certificates (ESCerts) issued to units where


energy-efficiency improvements is in excess of targets

• EScerts can be traded and used for compliance purposes

• Trading can be carried out bilaterally or on special platforms


created on the power exchanges

• ESCerts will be maintained in the DEMAT form and each


ESCert will be equivalent to 1 Metric Tonne of Oil Equivalent
Overall investment in NMEEE and the
Expected Impact

S.No Initiative Investment Fuel Saving GHG Avoided


Estimated (Million tons Emissions Capacity
(Rs. crores) of oil saving (MW)
equivalent) (million
tons)

1 PAT 30,603 9.78 26.21 5623


2 DSM 44,000 13.22 72.75 14335

Total 74,603 23.00 98.96 19,958


About Indian Institute of Energy
Management
• Pool of high profile consultants, trainers and
researchers
• To enable industries to adopt sustainable
practices
• Undertakes international projects in energy and
environment
• Energy audits, greening of supply chain,
environmental improvement through cleaner
production and pollution prevention

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