Lecture – 03

Data Types in Python

Complied by: Subash Khatiwada

Python is Dynamically Typed

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Language
a = 15
<type ‘int’>

a = 3.0

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<type ‘float’>

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Python Data Types
Every value has a datatype, and variables can hold values.

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Numeric Data Types
There are three distinct numeric types: integers, floating point numbers, and
complex numbers

1. Integer
It contains positive or negative whole numbers (without fractions or decimals).
Example:
A=5

2. Float
It is a real number with a floating-point representation.
A = 123.3335

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3. Complex Number
It is specified as (real part) + (imaginary part)j.
A = 2 + 3j

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Boolean Data Type
The Boolean data type is either True or False.

Built-in data types which represents one of the two values either True or False.

Example:

A = True

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B = False

C=5>4 (True)

D = bool(1) type conversion from int to bool

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Sequence Types
Sequence data types are used to store data in containers in the Python computer
language.

1) List

2) Tuples

3) String

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Lists
• Lists are mutable meaning that list can be changed and modified.
• Lists are the collection of heterogenous data.
• In python, list items are separated by commas (,) and enclosed within square
backet [ ].

• Example

my_list = ["Bob Marley", 1231242.232 , "singer"]

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 Features of lists

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[1] List are ordered
list is an ordered collection of items. Lists that have the same elements in
a different order are not the same.

a = ['foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'qux’]

b = ['baz', 'qux', 'bar', 'foo’]
a==b // False
a is b // False
[1, 2, 3, 4] = = [4, 1, 3, 2] // False

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[2] List are changeable (Mutable)
The list is changeable, meaning that we can change, add, and remove
items in a list after it has been created.

X = [12, 14, 56, 55.77]

X.append(66) //adding 66 to the end of list
X[1] = 45 //updating values of index 1

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[3] List can contain arbitrary items
List can contain arbitrary items and duplication is also allowed.

X = [1, 1, 1 ,1, ‘ram']

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[4] Elements in list can be accessed by

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index
my_list = [10,20, 'Ram', 12, 24]

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1

Indices 10 20 'Ram' 12 24

0 1 2 3 4

my_list[2:4] // ['Ram', 12]

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my_list[-4:-1] // [20, 'Ram', 12]
my_list[::-1] // [24, 12, 'Ram', 20, 10] Reversed

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[5] List can be nested

MyList[0:1] ??
MyList[2][0] ??

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concatenate(
extend( ) )
List Methods insert( ) count( )
List support various built-
in operations. Some of append( ) sort( )
them are following:
remove( ) index( )
pop( ) clear( )
reverse( )

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List Methods
fruits = ["apple", "orange", "peach"]

vegies = ["cabbage", "beans", "pumpkin"]

fruits.extend(vegies) // used to extend the list

friuts.insert(0, "grapes") // used to insert items in any index

fruits.append(“apple") // append is used to add items at the end of the list

Run Yourself …

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Tuples
• Tuples are used to store multiple items in a single variable.
• A tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable.
• In tuple, items are separated by commas (,) and enclosed within round backet ( ).

Example:

A = ("apple", "orange", "peach")

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Similarities between List and Tuple
• Tuples and lists are both used to store collection of data.
• Tuples and lists both can store heterogeneous data.
• Tuples and lists are both ordered collection of items and they
both provides duplicate values inside them.
• Items of both tuples and lists can be accessed by an integer
index.
• index() and count() function can be used.

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Difference between List and Tuple
List Tuple
1. Lists are mutable. 1. Tuple are immutable.

2. Lists are less memory efficient 2. Tuples are more memory

than tuples. efficient than the lists.

3. Lists are enclosed in square [ ] 3. Tuples are enclosed in round ( )

brackets. brackets.
Tuple is good to use if data is not

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4. Lists are great for changing or 4.
modifying data in a program. going to change in program.

5. Various operations such as 5. Operations such as insert,

append, extend can’t be used
append, insert, extend etc. can
with tuple data objects.
be used with list data objects.
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Strings
• In python, a string is a sequence of characters enclosed
within either single quotes (' ') or double quotes (" ").
• Tripple quotes ' ' ' are used for multiline strings.
• Python strings are "immutable" which means they cannot be
changed after they are created. (We will discuss in detail at
week 07)

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String Methods
Method Description

capitalize() Converts the first character to upper case

count() Returns the number of times a specified value occurs in a string

index() Searches the string for a specified value and returns the position of
where it was found

isalnum() Returns True if all characters in the string are alphanumeric

isalpha() Returns True if all characters in the string are in the alphabet

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isdigit() Returns True if all characters in the string are digits

upper() Converts a string into upper case

lower() Converts a string into lower case

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Dictionary
• Dictionaries are used to store data values in key : value pairs.
• A dictionary is a collection which is ordered, changeable and
do not allow duplicates keys.

my_dict = {
"roll": 1,
"name": "Alice",

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"mark": 78.55
}
print(my_dict)

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Set
• Sets are used to store multiple items in a single variable.
• Set items are unordered, changeable, and do not allow
duplicate values.
• Sets are written with curly brackets { }.

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set_A = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}

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Python Collections
There are four collection data types in the Python
programming language
1. List is a collection which is ordered, changeable and allows
duplicate members.
2. Tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable
and allows duplicate members.
3. Set is a collection which is unordered, changeable (element

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can’t be mutable), and unindexed. No duplicate members.
4. Dictionary is a collection which is ordered and changeable.
No duplicate keys.

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Tutorial–03: Python Datatypes
1. Write difference between list and tuples

2. Write difference between set and dictionary

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 END

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