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Understanding Cathode Ray Tubes CRT and Liquid Crystal Displays LCD

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17 views9 pages

Understanding Cathode Ray Tubes CRT and Liquid Crystal Displays LCD

Uploaded by

abinetblackman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding

Cathode Ray Tubes


(CRT) and Liquid
Crystal Displays
(LCD)
This presentation explores two fundamental display technologies that
have shaped the evolution of visual electronics: Cathode Ray Tubes
(CRT) and Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). We'll delve into their
components, working principles, types, advantages, and disadvantages,
providing a comprehensive comparison of these technologies that have
played crucial roles in the development of televisions, computer
monitors, and other display devices.
by Eshetye Mesafint
What is a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)?
A Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube used in older television sets and computer monitors to display images. It operates by firing
electron beams at a phosphorescent screen, which emits light to produce the desired visual output. CRTs were known for their bulky and
heavy nature, taking up significant space. Despite their once-dominant position in the market, CRTs are no longer commercially available due
to the advent of newer, more efficient display technologies.

1 Electron Emission
The electron gun at the back of the CRT generates a stream of electrons.

2 Beam Acceleration
Electrons are accelerated by anodes to gain enough energy to reach the screen.

3 Beam Deflection
Magnetic or electric fields control the direction of the electron beams, guiding them to specific locations on the phosphor-coated screen.

4 Phosphor Glow
When the electron beam hits the phosphor coating on the screen, the phosphor emits light, creating the image.
Components of a Cathode Ray Tube
1 Electron Gun 2 Deflection System
Generates a beam of electrons that are accelerated Responsible for directing the electron beam across the
towards the screen. It consists of a heated filament, a screen. It typically uses electromagnetic fields to
control grid, and a focusing anode. deflect the beam horizontally and vertically.

3 Phosphor Screen 4 Vacuum Tube


A coated glass panel at the front of the CRT. When the The entire CRT is enclosed in a vacuum chamber to
electron beam strikes the screen, the phosphor prevent electrons from colliding with air molecules,
material emits light, creating the image. which would interfere with image formation.
Types of Cathode Ray Tubes
Monochrome CRT Color CRT Vector CRT

Displays images in a single Displays images using three Designed for specific
color, usually black and white electron guns for red, green, applications such as radar
or green. These were common and blue colors to create full- displays and medical imaging
in early television sets and color images. This type systems. These CRTs draw
computer monitors. became standard for color images using continuous lines
televisions and monitors. rather than a raster scan.
Advantages and
Disadvantages of CRTs
Advantages Disadvantages

High Image Quality Bulky and Heavy

Wide Viewing Angle High Power Consumption

Fast Response Times Health Concerns (EMF)

High Resolution Limited Lifespan


What is a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)?
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a flat-panel display technology that uses liquid crystals modulated by electric currents to control light.
LCDs are commonly found in TVs, monitors, smartphones, and many portable devices due to their thinness, lightweight nature, and
energy efficiency compared to CRTs. The technology relies on the unique properties of liquid crystals to manipulate light and create
images.

Backlight Polarization Liquid Crystal Layer Color Filter


Provides the initial light source. Vertical and horizontal Controlled by electric signals, Determines pixel color by
polarizers filter light. twists light polarization. filtering light into RGB
components.
Components of a Liquid Crystal Display

Liquid Crystal Layer Polarizing Filters Electrodes Backlight


The heart of the Two filters on either Thin transparent A light source, typically
display, sandwiched side of the liquid crystal electrodes on either an array of LEDs or a
between two layers of layer. The first polarizes side of the liquid crystal fluorescent lamp,
polarized glass. These light from the layer. When voltage is placed behind the LCD
crystals can twist and backlight, and the applied, they change panel to illuminate the
align when an electric second works with the the alignment of the screen.
current is applied, liquid crystals to liquid crystals, allowing
controlling light control light intensity or blocking light
passage. and orientation. passage.
Types of Liquid Crystal Displays
Twisted Nematic (TN) LCD
Most common type, offering fast response times and low cost.
However, they have limited viewing angles and color accuracy.

In-Plane Switching (IPS) LCD


Provides better color reproduction and wider viewing angles but are
more expensive and have slower response times.

Vertical Alignment (VA) LCD


Balances contrast and viewing angles at a moderate price point.

Advanced Fringe Field Switching (AFFS)


Improved color accuracy and contrast, mostly used in professional-
grade monitors.
Advantages and Disadvantages of LCDs
Advantages Disadvantages

• Thin and lightweight • Viewing angle dependence


• Lower power consumption • Pixel persistence in some cases
• Higher contrast ratio • Color shift and degradation over time
• Faster response times in newer models

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