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Module 1 - String

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11 views

Module 1 - String

Uploaded by

nachiketasvarma6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

ALGORITHMIC THINKING

WITH PYTHON
Strings
 A string is a sequence of zero or more characters.
 Each character in the string occupies one byte of memory.
 Last character is always \0 (null character) – indicates the end
of the string.
 Every character in the string is numbered or indexed (null
character is not numbered since it only indicates the end of
the string).
 Empty string can be created in order to initialise a variable.
 Sample indexing of the string “Hello World” is provided in the
figure.
 len() – to know the length of the string
String – subscript operator
 To print a single character out of the string
 Also called bracket operator
 Python allows negative subscript values
 [ ] operator cannot be used on the left side of an assignment
operator to change the character of a string.

Strings are immutable


String – Operations - Concatenation
 Concatenation – combines strings using + operator

 Concatenation does not insert any white space between the


joined string
String – Operations - Repetition
 Repetition – to repeat strings using * operator

>>> a = ‘fruit’
>>> c = 3
>>> r = a * c
>>> print(r)
fruitfruitfruit
String – Operations -Slicing
 Slicing – to extract a substring out of a given string
 The operator [n:m] returns part of the string starting a
position n and ending at position m-1

>>> greet = “Hello world of python”


>>> print(greet[0:4]) # Output : Hell
>>> print(greet[6:11]) # Output : world
>>> print(greet[15:21]) # Output : python
>>> print(greet[ :6]) # Output : Hello
>>> print(greet[15: ]) # Output : python
>>> print(greet[ : ]) # Output : Hello world of python
Slicing - contd
 In addition to mentioning start and end indices, we can also
specify the step that denotes the distance between the
characters.
#To print every alternate character in the resultant string
>>> language = “Python, Java and C++”
>>> print(language[ : :2])
Pto,Jv n +

>>> a = “Emilin”
>>> print(a[ : :-1])
‘nilimE’ #Starts at the end and walks backward
String Comparison
 Used to compare strings
String – in operator
 in is a Boolean operator that takes two strings and returns
True if the first appears as a substring in the second and False
otherwise.
String module
Traversing a string
 To process one character at a time
 From left end to right end
 Using while loop:  Using for loop:

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