Refrigerating System

- Type Of Refrigerating System

- Main Components
- Operating cycle
- Safety device
- Maintenance
- Charging
- System errors
- ODS Record
- Sample Q & A
Two systems employed:
 Direct Expansion System

 Indirect expansion system

 4 numbers principle components :
(1)Evaporator
(2)Compressor
(3)Condenser
(4)Expansion Valve

EVAPORATOR:
1) The evaporator coils are located in the compartment to be
cooled.
2) The low pressure liquid refrigerant ,after passing through the
expansion valve, expands.
3) Takes in heat from the surrounding and evaporates.
4) The gas is then sucked up by the compressor.
 COMPRESSOR :
1) Compresses the refrigerant (gaseous state).
2) Raising its Temperature & Pressure.
3) Discharges refrigerant to Condenser.

Refrigerant Compressor types:

 Reciprocating
 Rotary
 Centrifugal
 Screw

LIQUEFACTION:
1) Hot refrigerant gas cooled in the condenser.
2) Condensed liquid refrigerant flows into a receiver.
3) Then liquid refrigerant flows to the expansion valve.
 EXPANSION:
1) The expansion valve acting as a regulating valve, limits the amount of
refrigerant flowing through.
2) Resulting in reduction of pressure of the liquid and expansion takes
place.

Thermal Expansion Valve

A thermal expansion valve is a
component in refrigeration and air
conditioning systems that controls the
amount of refrigerant flow into the
evaporator thereby controlling the
superheating at the outlet of the
evaporator. Thermal expansion valves
are often referred to generically as
"metering devices"
Operating Cycle.
Operating Cycle.
Safety device
1. Safety Head or Unloader.
2. Bursting Disc in Compressor.
3. LP and HP Gauges and Cut-out.
4. LO Low Pressure Cut-out.
5. Condenser cooling water Low Pressure Cut-out
Unloading Mechanism
The liquid hammer occur the discharge valve cage with
discharge valve lift where by the liquid escape, thus preventing
breakage and damage.
Causes of blow back are due to the following factors.
1.Evaporator not working properly
2.In air battery system, stoppage of fans.
3.At starting, suction valve open too wide.
4.Liquid control valve open too wide.
Maintenance
Defrosting
A method of removal of frost, built-up on Evaporator coils. Defrosting
should be done before snow thickness exceeds ¼“.
Fridge compressor sump oil filling:
1. Stop condition; Tight shut both inlet and outlet valves of compressor.
Open filling plug and fill to required level.
Air purge to be done when plant resume.
2. During running; Make vacuum pressure in crankcase and suck oil
itself. Ensure oil pipe immersed in oil to prevent air ingress.

CHECK PRESSURE/ OIL/ GAS LEVEL 1

CLEAN EVAPORATOR BY HOT WATER ALL ROOMS 30
SAFETY AND OPERATING CONTROLS TEST 30
DRYER ELEMENT CHECK/ CHANGE 120
REFRIGERANT LEAKAGE CHECK 30
Refrigerant Charging
Reduction in quantity of
refrigerant may lead to troubles in
the plant such as-
- Short Cycling of Compressor
- Too low suction pressure
- Difficult to maintain
temperature of rooms and
holds
- Reduction in the efficiency of
the plant
When the above mentioned
problems occur, it indicates that
the plant has to be charged with
the refrigerant.
Refrigerant Charging
1. Normally refrigerant in liquid state is charged at high-pressure
side.
2. Weigh the bottle with spring scale.
3. Connect the charging pipe between liquid valve of bottle and
charging valve. This pipe must be tightened after purging out
air until refrigerant comes out.
4. Fully open the bottle liquid valve, charging valve still closed.
5. Close main liquid stop valve from condenser and run the
Compressor.
6. Slowly open the charging valve ensuring that the frost must
not be formed on suction pipe.
7. After filling Compressor is shutdown and cooling water kept for
some hour.
8. Then air can be purged out from air vent valve of condenser.
SYSTEM ERRORS
 Air in the system
ndication:
1. Abnormal and shaking of Compressor discharge pressure
gauge reading.
2. Sight glass shows small air bubbles.

Remedy:

1. Close liquid stop valve at Condenser outlet.

2. Pump down the entire charge into Condenser, until suction
pressure is just above zero, and then stop Compressor.
3. Shut Compressor discharge valve.
4. Cool down the Condenser content, by running cooling water
for some period.
5. Then purge air at the top of Condenser, through purging valve
until refrigerant gas appear at the valve.
 Moisture in the system
ndication:
1. Blockage at Expansion Valve.
2. Compressor tends to stop by H.P. cut-out.

Remedy:
By renewing Drying agents.
 Oil in the system
ndication:
1. Incorrect Condenser and Evaporator temperature differentials.
2. Compressor will be running longer than normal.
3. Very difficult to cool-down the room temperature due to
excessive oil in piping system

Remedy:
1. Pump down the system charges into reservoir and totally
shutdown the whole system.
2. Then blow out the collected oils inside piping and evaporator.
[If necessary, renew Compressor piston rings or Oil separator,
and replenishment of oil].
 Overcharge
ndication:
1. Very high Condenser pressure gauge reading, and full sight
glass.
2. Liquid may flow back to Compressor suction.

Remedy:
Pump down system charges into reservoir and purge out
excessive refrigerant from vent valve.
 Undercharge
Indication:
1. Low Condenser pressure gauge reading.
2. Appearance of large bubbles in sight glass.

Remedy:

- Identify and rectify leakage

- Clean filter and drier
- Add more gas
Short cycling:
Repeated running and stopping of Compressor due to L.P. cut-out.
There may be high leak points or blocks in the system.

Excessive icing up at Compressor suction:

Causes:
1. Abnormal operation of TEV.
2. Overcharge of the system.
3. Moisture in the system owing to dirty Dryer.
Defective Suction valve:
Indication:
1. Continuous running of Compressor.
2. Insufficient cooling effects.
3. Noisy operation.
4. High suction pressure.
Defective Discharge valve:
Indication:
1. Continuous running of Compressor.
2. Insufficient cooling effects.
3. Noisy operation.
4. High suction pressure during running.
5. Low discharge pressure during running.
6. Suction pressure rises faster after Compressor is shut-down.
7. Warm cylinder head.
Choked Expansion valve:
Causes:
Due to dirt and freeze-up of water present in system.
Effects:
1. Starved Evaporator
2. High superheat temperature.
3. Rapid Condenser pressure rise can cause stopping of
Compressor,
Remedy:
1. Clean Expansion valve and filter
2. Renew Dehydrator.
TEST EXAMPLES
1. THE PURPOSE OF THE EVAPORATOR IS TO
(a) ABSORB LATENT HEAT OF VAPORISATION
(b) ABSORB LATENT HEAT OF FUSSION
(c) TRANSFER LATENT HEAT OF VAPORISATION
(d) TRANSFER LATENT HEAT OF FUSSION
2. THE THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION V/V TEMPERATURE SENSING
BULB PLACED AT THE MIDDLE EVAPORATOR COIL.
(a) LACK OF REFRIGERANT
(b) SUPER HEAT
(c) FROST
(d) EFFECT

3. Short cycling of a refrigeration compressor refers to

_____________.
(a) frequently grounding out
(b) frequently starting and stopping
(c) running too fast
(d) running too slow
4. When liquid reaches the compressor of a refrigeration system
through the suction line, the condition is called _____________.
a. flooding back
b. superheating
c. Overflowing
d. recycling
5. The pressure range between the system cut in and cut out
pressures in a refrigeration unit is known as _____________.
a. opposing operational
b. drag pressure distribution
c. differential
d. system purge

6. Which of the refrigerants listed is considered safe and ideal

for most marine applications?
a. R-21
b. Ammonia
c. R-12
d. Sulfur dioxide
7. The heat removed from the refrigerant in the condenser of a
refrigeration plant is the _____________.
a. latent heat of expansion
b. sensible heat of condensation
c. heat of compression
d. all of the above
8. In a refrigeration system, the refrigerant absorbs the latent
heat of vaporization in the _____________.
a. Compressor
b. Condenser
c. Receiver
d. Evaporator
9. The only means of removing the latent heat of condensation
from a refrigerant in the normal refrigeration cycle is by
_________.
a. passing it through the expansion valve
b. condensing refrigerant in the system condenser
c. passing the gaseous refrigerant through the heat
interchanger on the suction side of the compressor
d. maintaining a high pressure on the system's receiver
 10. The heat required to change a substance from a solid to a
liquid while at its freezing temperature, is known as the latent
heat of __________.
a. fusion
b. vaporization
c. condensation
d. sublimation
11. Latent heat can be defined as the heat which must be added
to a substance in order to change it from a _____________.
a. solid to liquid
b. liquid to vapor
c. solid to vapor
d. all of the above
12. Personnel working with refrigeration systems, and subject to
the exposure of refrigerants should wear ________________.
a. face shield
b. a respirator
c. rubber gloves
d. an all purpose gas mask
13. The amount of moisture in a given sample of air, when
compared with the amount of moisture the air could hold if
totally saturated at the existing temperature of the sample, is
called ____________.
a. absolute humidity
b. specific humidity
c. effective humidity
d.
14. relative
For safe humidity
storage, the maximum allowable temperature to
which refrigerant bottles should be exposed is _____________.
a. 100°F
b. 125°F
c. 150°F
d. 175°F
15. Ammonia when used as a refrigerant is valuable because of
its high efficiency, it is however _____________.
a. Toxic
b. flammable
c. Explosive
d. all of the above
16. A refrigeration system contaminated with moisture can be
affected by _____________.
a. acid formation
b. sludge formation
c. ice in the expansion valve
d. all of the above
17. Saltwater is typically provided to a refrigeration system to
_____________.
a. cool the expansion valve prevent refrigerant
b. Superheating
c. condense the refrigerant gas
d. prevent motor overheating
18. In a direct expansion type cargo refrigeration system, a box
is normally changed from chill to freeze by adjusting the
___________.
a. hand expansion valve
b. compressor suction valve
c. solenoid bypass
d. back pressure regulating valve
19. A pressure drop in the liquid line of a refrigeration system
may cause _____________.
a. the solenoid valve to seize
b. the compressor to hunt
c. flash gas to form in the liquid line
d. the expansion valve to freeze open
20. Moisture in the refrigerant may _____________.
a. freeze on the expansion valve seat and reduce the flow of
liquid refrigerant
b. emulsify the oil in the condenser
c. freeze in the king valve
d. clog the oil trap

21. Moisture in a refrigeration system can cause _____________.

a. freezing the expansion valve closed
b. corrosion of system piping
c. improper temperature regulation
d. all of the above
22. Some refrigeration systems have chemical moisture
indicators installed in conjunction with the sight glass in the
liquid line. If excess moisture is present in the system, the
indicator will _____________.
a. activate the driers
b. change color
c. secure the compressor
d.
23. add a predetermined
A liquid indicator sightamount
glass isofuseful
liquidindrier
determining whether
or not a refrigeration system is sufficiently charged. It is
generally located in the ____________.
a. high pressure liquid line
b. low pressure liquid line
c. high pressure vapor line
d. low pressure vapor line
24. If a liquid sight flow indicator in a refrigeration system shows
gas bubbles in motion passing inside of the glass, there is
___________.
a. too much refrigerant in the system
b. oil entrained in the refrigerant
c. less than a full charge of refrigerant in the system
25. A sight glass is installed in the liquid line to indicate the
condition of the refrigerant charge and may also indicate the
_____________.
a. condition of the expansion valve
b. moisture in the system
c. condition of the compressor suction valves
d.
26. condenser temperature
A liquid sight flow indicator in a refrigeration system is
examined and gas bubbles are noted in motion with the fluid
flow. This means _____________.
a. the system is fully charged
b. there is air leaking in from the condenser
c. ice crystals are forming in the refrigerant
d. the system contains less than a full charge of refrigerant

27. In an operating refrigeration system low on refrigerant, a

liquid line sight glass will _____________.
a. be clear
b. be blue
c. be light green
d. show bubbles
28. Which of the listed reasons could cause frost to form on the
suction line of a refrigeration compressor?
a. Shortage of refrigerant in the system.
b. Expansion valve is stuck open.
c. Liquid line service valve is closed.
d. Condenser cooling water temperature is too high.
29. If the refrigeration compressor crankcase is sweating, the
cause may be due to _____________.
a. a shortage of refrigerant
b. the compressor running continuously
c. liquid refrigerant returning to the compressor
d. the compressor short cycling on the high pressure cut-out
30. If the suction line between the evaporator and compressor is
frosting up, the cause may be due to the thermal expansion
valve _________.
a. thermal bulb coming loose from the suction line
b. needle valve is stuck closed
c. thermal bulb is in a cold air stream
d. all of the above
31 Most solenoid valves are actuated by _________.
a. a spring
b. an electromagnet
c. the force of gravity
d. refrigerant pressure
32. If a refrigeration compressor crankcase is sweating, the
trouble could be caused by _____________.
a. excessive superheat
b. a minor amount of air in the system
c. normal oil circulation with the refrigerant
d. the expansion valve being stuck in the open position

33. Frosting or sweating of the suction line of a reciprocating

refrigeration compressor indicates a condition which could
result in severe damage due to _____________.
a. minor amounts of oil in the refrigerant
b. liquid slugging
c. insufficient refrigerant
d. a failed heat interchanger
34. Refrigeration system compressor crankcase sweating is an
indication of _________.
a. insufficient lube oil circulating through the system
b. excessive circulation of lube oil through the system
c. insufficient refrigerant in the system
d. an overworked compressor
35. Sweating of the refrigeration system compressor crankcase
is caused by _____________.
a. too much superheat
b. insufficient superheat
c. suction pressure too low excessive refrigerant
d. returning to the compressor
36. If a refrigeration system compressor crankcase is sweating,
you should _____________.
a. add refrigerant to the system
b. adjust the thermal expansion valve to the proper setting
c. adjust the float valve to the proper holding pressure
d. open the hand expansion valve
37. A constant hissing sound at the thermal expansion valve will
always indicates _____________.
a. proper refrigerant control
b. a faulty refrigerant control valve
c. a lack of refrigerant
d. the flow of 100% liquid refrigerant passing to the evaporator
38. If a refrigeration compressor were short cycling on the low
pressure cutout switch, the probable cause for this might be
the ____________.
a. system was overcharged with refrigerant
b. high pressure switch was improperly adjusted
c. expansion valve strainers were fouled
d. suction valves were leaking slightly
39. If a refrigeration crankcase compressor were short cycling on
the low pressure cutout switch, the cause might be that the
____________.
a. system was overcharged with refrigerant
b. system was low on refrigerant
c. suction valves were leaking slightly
d. relief valve was leaking slightly
40. A refrigeration unit will tend to short cycle when operating
____________.
a. under heavy loads
b. during hot gas defrost
c. under light loads
d. during starting conditions
41. B If a refrigeration compressor is short cycling on high head
pressure, you should ____________.
e. purge the condenser if the waterside is dirty
f. check for proper water flow through the condenser
g. increase the high pressure cutout setting
h. reduce the cooling water flow
42. The refrigeration compressor in a water cooled refrigeration
system is short cycling on the high pressure cutout switch.
One reason for this could be the ____________.
i. system is low on refrigerant
j. high pressure cutout switch is improperly adjusted
k. discharge valves are leaking slightly
l. discharge valves are leaking excessively
43. The refrigeration system compressor is short cycling on high
head pressure when the sea water cooling temperature is
72°F (22ºC). In this situation, you should ____________.
a. check for sufficient cooling water flow through the condenser
b. purge noncondensable gases from the receiver
c. reset the thermostatic expansion valve
d. completely purge the high pressure side of the system.
44. The compressor in an air-cooled condensing refrigeration
system is short cycling on the high pressure cutout switch. A
probable reason for this is the ____________.
e. system is overcharged with refrigerant
f. system is low on refrigerant
g. discharge valves are leaking excessively
h. discharge valves are leaking slightly
45. If a refrigeration compressor will not start, the reason may be
_____________.
i. the pressure regulating valve is not closing
j. an excessive lack of refrigerant in the system
k. badly leaking discharge valves
l. worn piston rings
46. When a refrigeration compressor motor fails to start, the
FIRST thing that should be checked for is a ____________.
a. loose expansion valve control bulb
b. low differential setting on the H.P. cutout
c. blown fuse in the motor circuit
d. faulty suction pressure regulator
47. The accumulation of air and other noncondensable gases in a
refrigeration system will ____________.
e. cause a loss of the liquid seal
f. create a vapor lock in the liquid receiver
g. collect in the condenser
h. cause foaming of the oil in the crankcase
48. Excessive circulation of the lubricating oil with the refrigerant
in a refrigeration system will cause _____________.
a. carbon deposits on the compressor suction valves
b. the evaporator temperature to increase
c. rapid corrosion of the thermal expansion valve
d. no operating problems
49. In a refrigeration system, foaming of the crankcase oil may
cause the _____________.
a. expansion valve to overfeed
b. compressor to knock
c. water regulating valve to fail
d. crankcase drains to plug
50. A Excessive oil foaming in the crankcase of a refrigeration
compressor can result in _____________.
a. overheated compressor bearings
b. excess lube oil viscosity
c. carbon deposits on the compressor piston rings
d. wax crystals forming in the lubricant
51. Refrigerant enters the condenser as a _____________.
a. high pressure liquid
b. low pressure vapor
c. high pressure vapor
d. low pressure liquid
52. In which of the listed refrigeration system components does
superheating of the refrigerant take place?
a. Expansion valve
b. Evaporator
c. Drier
d. Receiver
53. In a refrigeration system, the amount of refrigerant
admitted to the evaporator is directly related to _________.
a. the compressor discharge pressure
b. condenser cooling water temperature
c. the solenoid valve differential pressure
d. the superheat of the refrigerant in the tail coil
54. The refrigerant gas returning to the compressor should be
_____________.
e. Superheated
f. Saturated
g. Dense
h. Flooded
55. The low pressure side of a refrigeration system is considered to exist
from the _____________.
a. expansion valve to the compressor
b. receiver to the expansion coil
c. expansion valve to the evaporator
d. condenser to the expansion valve
56. The component of a refrigerating system in which the refrigerant
vaporizes and absorbs heat is known as the _____________.
e. condenser
f. vapor generator
g. accumulator
h. Evaporator
57. The refrigerant leaves the evaporator of a refrigeration system as a
low pressure _____________.
i. subcooled liquid
j. high temperature liquid oil
k. saturated liquid
l. superheated vapor
58. The temperature of a refrigerant gas is the highest _______.
a. at the compressor discharge
b. at the compressor suction
c. in the expansion valve
d. in the receiver
59. Which of the listed refrigeration system components keeps the
refrigerant circulating through the system?
e. Expansion valve
f. Condenser
g. Evaporator
h. Compressor
60. A Excessive oil foaming in the crankcase of a refrigeration
compressor at start up can cause _____________.
a. compressor damage from improper lubrication
b. refrigerant absorption by the lubricant
c. increased viscosity in the lubricant
d. carbon deposit on the compressor suction valves
61. A refrigerant with oil in solution has a _____________.
a. higher boiling temperature for a given pressure than does a
pure refrigerant
b. lower boiling temperature for a given pressure than does a
pure refrigerant
c. boiling pressure equal to that of a pure refrigerant
d. at a given pressure boiling point will not be affected by
entrained oil
62. Excessive oil foaming in the crankcase of a refrigeration
compressor is most likely to occur when the
compressor_____________.
e. has run continuously for a long period
f. suction pressure is below normal
g. oil level is below normal
h. starts after a long idle period
63. In a compression refrigeration cycle, the temperature of the
liquid refrigerant experiences its greatest decrease in the
_____________.
i. evaporator
j. compressor
k. expansion valve
64. Which of the conditions listed represents the greatest effect of
excess frost accumulation on the evaporator coils?
A. Keeps the refrigerated space cooler.
B. Reduces the efficiency of the plant.
C. Takes the load off the compressor.
D. Has no affect on the system.
65. If a refrigeration compressor is running continuously without
lowering the temperature in the refrigerated space, the trouble may
be _____________.
a. a shortage of compressor oil
b. warm food in the refrigerator
c. excessive condenser cooling water
d. a shortage of refrigerant
66. A warmer than normal compressor suction line might be caused by
_____________.
e. insufficient lubrication
f. insufficient refrigerant
g. excess refrigerant
h. excessive opening of the expansion valve
67. In the refrigeration system, a shortage of refrigerant is indicated by
_______.
a. the compressor short cycling on high pressure cut out switch
b. high suction pressure
c. high head pressure
d. bubbles in the sight glass
68. If a refrigeration system were short of refrigerant, the condition
would result in ____________.
e. continuous running of the compressor
f. high suction pressure
g. high discharge pressure
h. short cycling of the compressor on the water failure switch
69. Noise in a refrigeration compressor can be caused by __________.
i. worn bearings and piston pins
j. slugging due to flooding back
k. too much oil in circulation
l. all of the above
70. Badly leaking refrigeration compressor discharge valves will cause
_____________.
a. overfeeding of the expansion valve
b. damage to the condenser
c. constant running of the compressor
d. flooding of the receiver
71. Leaking suction valves in a refrigeration compressor are indicated
by _____________.
a. higher than normal suction pressure
b. lower than normal suction pressure
c. lower than normal evaporator temperature
d. noticeable increase in compressor noise
72. Which of the conditions listed may be an indication of an excessive
amount of refrigerant circulating through the system?
e. Sweating of the compressor crankcase
f. colder than normal solenoid valve
g. frosting of the evaporator
h. Weeping of the purge valve
73. When a refrigeration compressor has developed a high head
pressure as a result of a refrigerant overcharge, you should
______________.
a. increase the amount of cooling water to the condenser
b. decrease the amount of cooling water to the condenser
c. add more refrigerant to the system
d. remove some refrigerant from the system
74. If a refrigeration compressor had developed a high suction pressure,
the problem could be a result of ________.
a. a minor accumulation of air or noncondensable
b. gases in the system
c. a leaking king valve a clogged subcooler
d. liquid refrigerant flooding back from the cooling coil
75. High suction pressure to a refrigeration system compressor is
caused by _____________.
e. the expansion valve is insufficiently opened
f. the expansion valve being open too wide
g. the king valve is insufficiently open
h. a dirty dehydrator
76. Which of the following problems could cause the high pressure
cutout switch to shut down the compressor in a refrigeration
system?
i. A shortage of liquid refrigerant.
j. Excessive frost on the evaporator.
k. Excessive condenser cooling water.
l. Insufficient condenser cooling water flow.
77. If the refrigeration compressor was developing higher than normal
discharge pressure, this could be a result of _____________.
a. air or noncondensable gases in the system
b. leaking discharge valves
c. leaking suction valves liquid refrigerant flooding
d. back from the cooling coil
78. If the head pressure of a reciprocating refrigeration compressor is
excessive, ____________.
e. the relief valve should open before the high pressure cutout
f. the relief valve should open and allow the excess refrigerant to flow
to the receiver
g. the high pressure cutout switch should operate before the relief
valve opens
h. you should close in on the suction valve
79. One cause of high head pressure occurring in a refrigeration system
can be _____________.
A. insufficient cooling water flow to the condenser
B. a low refrigerant charge in the system
C. the liquid valve is open too much
D. high evaporator superheat
80. Short cycling of a refrigeration compressor refers to __________.
a. frequently grounding out
b. frequently starting and stopping
c. running too fast
d. running too slow
81. Excessively tight drive belts installed between a motor and a
refrigeration compressor pulley may cause ____________.
e. overheated bearings
f. unnecessary motor loading
g. noisy operation
h. all of the above
82. Which of the following statements is correct concerning a halide
torch leak detector?
a. The probe should be moved rapidly over the area of a suspected
leak.
b. The torch is effective in locating large leaks only.
c. The flame will turn green in the presence of R-12.
d. A refrigerant gas mask must be worn while usingthe torch.
83. Which of the locations listed would be considered as the most
common place to install a dryer in a refrigeration system?
a. Between the compressor and the condenser.
b. Between the thermal expansion valve and the evaporator.
c. In the suction line.
d. In the liquid line.
84. The primary function of a back pressure regulator installed in a
refrigeration system is to _____________.
a. limit the minimum evaporator pressure to ensure excessively low
box temperatures are not reached
e. maintain a constant compressor suction pressure regardless of load
f. maintain an evaporator coil pressure that assures excessively cold
coil temperatures
g. adjust compressor suction pressure to load demands
85. A Which of the listed conditions would cause the thermal expansion
valve to open?
a. Rise in the gas temperature within the cooling coils
h. Compressor cutting out
i. Compressor cutting in
j. A drop in the temperature of the cooling coils
86. In a water-cooled refrigeration system, the condenser cooling
water regulating valve is controlled by ___________.
a. temperature of the cooling water
b. refrigerant pressure
c. amount of refrigerant in the system
d. temperature of the refrigerant after compression
87. A thermal expansion valve installed in a refrigeration system is
controlled by _____________.
e. the solenoid valve energizing coil
f. regulating the king valve
c. a thermal bulb on the evaporator coil
d. an electrically operated controller
88. The charging of a refrigerating system should be carried out by
adding _____________.
e. refrigerant vapor to the receiver only
f. liquid refrigerant to the low side only
g. liquid refrigerant to the high side only
h. liquid refrigerant to the high or low side
89. The thermostatic expansion valve in a refrigeration system opens
when the pressure _____________.
a. decreases in the evaporator
b. decreases in the expansion valve control bulb
c. increases above the expansion valve diaphragm
d. increases in the solenoid valve
90. A purge connection installed on the refrigerant side of a water
cooled condenser is used to _____________.
e. free tubes of accumulated scale
f. charge the system with refrigerant
g. remove noncondensable gases
h. ensure positive air circulation
91. The back pressure regulating valve used in a refrigeration system
serves to _____________.
a. maintain a constant pressure in the suction line heat exchanger
b. limit the minimum pressure in the evaporator
c. limit the maximum pressure in the suction line heat exchanger
d. maintain a minimum discharge head on the compressor
92. When adding oil to a refrigeration system, you must be certain that
_____________.
a. all air is removed from the pump and fittings
b. the suction strainer is not blocked
c. the discharge pressure is not too high
d. the condenser is secured
93. After a refrigeration plant has been open for repairs, it is advisable
to purge air from the system by _____________.
a. slightly opening the purge valve on the condenser
b. cracking the valve bonnet assembly on the thermostatic expansion
valve
c. turning over the compressor flywheel with the suction line valve
open
d. loosening the purge connection attached to the receiver head
94. When a refrigeration system is being charged through the low side,
the _____________.
e. refrigerant should be added as a vapor
f. suction service valve must be back seated
g. discharge service valve must be front seated
h. refrigerant drum should be turned upside down
95. If a refrigeration system were short of refrigerant, the condition
would result in ____________.
a. continuous running of the compressor
b. high suction pressure
c. high discharge pressure
d. short cycling of the compressor on the water failure switch
96. Loss of refrigerant during the purging process can be kept to a
minimum by ____________.
e. operating the dehydrator continuously
f. purging through the discharge service valve
g. cracking the purge valve briefly
h. closing the liquid line king valve
97. When adding oil to a refrigeration system, precautions must be
taken to ensure that _____________.
i. the compressor suction pressure is not too high
j. all air is purged from the pump and charging fittings
k. the high pressure cutout switch is held open to prevent accidental
starting
l. the condenser is completely shutdown first
98. A dehydrator installed in a refrigeration system is used to remove
_____________.
a. noncondensable ases and vapors
b. oil from the refrigerant
c. refrigerant from the oil
d. moisture from the system
99. In a refrigeration system, silica gel is used in the ______________.
a. condenser
b. dehydrator
c. liquid strainer
d. Hygrometer
100. In a refrigeration system, the thermal expansion valve sensing bulb
is located _____________.
e. near the evaporator coil outlet
f. near the evaporator coil inlet
g. on the liquid line strainer
h. at the solenoid valve