LESSON 1:

GENERATES
PATTERNS AND
IDENTIFYING THE
NEXT TERM OF A
SEQUENCE
 WHAT’S NEXT?

Each item below shows a pattern. Answer the

given questions.
1. What is the next shape?
, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
_____

2. What is the next number?

What is the 10th number?
0, 4, 8, 12, 16, _______

3. What are the missing letters?

J, F, M, __, M, J, __, A, S, O, __, __
4. UNICYCLE, BICYCLE, TRICYCLE, _______
5. O, T, T, __, F, __, __, E, N, ___

6. What is the next number?

What is the 8th number?
9, 4, -1, -6, -11, ___
7. Linear, quadratic, cubic, quartic, ___, ___
8. What is the next number?
What is the 12th number?
1, 3, 9, 27, 81, _____
9. What is the next number?
What is the 7th number?
160, 80, 40, 20, 10, ___
WHAT IS A SEQUENCE?
- It is a function whose domain is the finite set
{1, 2, 3, … n} or the infinite set {1, 2, 3,…}
Examples:
1.
n 1 2 3 4 5
a(n) 3 -1 1.5 10 π

2. n 1 2 3 4 …
an 4 7 10 13 …
EXERCISES:
Find the missing term/s.
1. 1, 3, 6, _____, 15
2. 4, 8, 16, 32, _____
3. ½, ¼, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, ______
4. A, C, ____, J, O
5. January, March, May, July, ________
6. 6, 12, 24, ______
7. What is the next number? 10 th number?
0, 4, 8, 12, 16, ….
8. What is the next number? 8 th number?
200, 100, 50, 25, …
ASSESSMENT
Find the next term of the given sequence.
1. ½, 2/3, _____, 4/5, 5/6, _____
2. 1/3, 1/6, 1/9, 1/12, ______, 1/18, ______
3. 16, 21, _____, _____, 36, 41, _____
4. 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, _____
5. 3, 1, ____, -3, -5, ______
6. What is the next number? 10th
number?
2/3, 2/6, 2/9, 2/12,…
7. What is the next number? 9th number?
15th number?
-2, 4, -6, 8, …
 LESSON 2:
IDENTIFYING THE FIRST
FEW TERMS OF A
SEQUENCE GIVEN THE
NTH TERM/EQUATION
AND FIND THE GENERAL
OR NTH TERM OF A
SEQUENCE
 WHAT IS A TERM?
A term in a sequence is any number in that sequence.
The first number f(1) or a1 is called the first term, the
second number f(2) or a2 is called the second term and
so on and so forth, and the nth number f(n) or an is
called the nth term or the general term if there exists a
rule of correspondence between n and an.
Examples:
Give the first five terms of the given sequence.
1. an = 2n + 1
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and so we have….
 a = 2(1) + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3 a2 = 2(2) + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5
1

 a = 2(3) + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7 a4 = 2(4) + 1 = 8 + 1 = 9
3

 a = 2(5) + 1 = 10 + 1 = 11
5

Therefore, the first five terms of the sequence are:

3, 5, 7, 9, 11
2. an = 2n2 – 1

n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
 a = 2(1)2 – 1 = 2(1) – 1 = 2 – 1 = 1
1
 a = 2(2)2 – 1 = 2(4) – 1 = 8 – 1 = 7
2
 a = 2(3)2 – 1 = 2(9) – 1 = 18 – 1 = 17
3
 a = 2(4)2 – 1 = 2(16) – 1 = 32 – 1 = 31
4
 a = 2(5)2 – 1 = 2(25) – 1 = 50 – 1 = 49
5

Therefore, the first five terms of the

sequence are:
1, 7, 17, 31, 49
3. an = 2n
 FIND THE FIRST FIVE TERMS OF
THE SEQUENCE GIVEN THE NTH
TERM
1. an = n + 4
* {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
2. an = 2n – 1
* {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
3. an = 12 – 3n
* {9, 6, 3, 0, -3}
4. an = 3n
* {3, 9, 27, 81, 243}
5. an = (-2)n
* {-2, 4, -8, 16, -32}
 Personal Awareness: Accountability (Public order and safety)

 The sequence of events can significantly impact public order and

safety in various ways:

1. Escalation of Violence: If a minor incident is not addressed

promptly, it can escalate into more severe violence.
For example, a small protest can turn into a riot if not managed prop
erly
.

2. Emergency Response: The order in which emergency services

respond to incidents can affect the outcome.
Prioritizing critical cases can save lives and prevent further chaos .

3. Communication: Clear and timely communication from authorities

can prevent misinformation and panic.
If information is released in a disorganized manner, it can lead to con
4. Law Enforcement Actions
: The sequence of actions taken by law enforcement,
such as arrests and crowd control measures, can eith
er de-escalate or exacerbate a situation
.

5. Judicial Processes: The order in which cases are

processed in the judicial system can affect public
perception of justice and fairness.
Delays or perceived biases can lead to public dissatisf
action and unrest
.

 GIVEN THE SEQUENCE, FIND THE
NTH TERM OR THE GENERAL RULE
1. n 1 2 3 4 5
an
4 7 10 13 16

an = 3n + 1

2. 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20,…

an = 3n + 2

3. ½, ¼, 1/8, 1/16,…

an =
 WHAT IS THE NTH TERM FOR
EACH SEQUENCE BELOW?
1. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, …
* an = n + 2
2. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, …
* an = 2n + 1
3. 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, …
* an = 2n
4. -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, …
* an = (-1)n
5. 1, ½, 1/3, ¼, 1/5, …

* an =
QUIZ NO. 1
A. By following the pattern, write the
next three terms in the sequence.
1. 3, 1, -1, -3,…
2. x, x+y, x+2y, x+3y,…
3. √3, 3√3, 5√3, 7√3,…
4. 3a, 4b, 5c,…
5. Triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon,
…
B. WRITE THE FIRST FIVE
TERMS OF THE SEQUENCE
DESCRIBED BY THE FUNCTION.
1. an = -4n + 3
2. an = ½ n - 8
3. an = 3(n + 5)
4. an = n/3
5. an = ½ n + 10
C. WRITE THE EQUATION THAT
DESCRIBES THE SEQUENCE.
1. 9, 16, 23, 30,…
2. 4, -7, -18, -29,…
3. 1/3, 1, 9/5, 8/3, 25/7,…
4. -2, -10, -18, -26,…
5. 1/3, 1/6, 1/9, 1/12,…
QUIZ NO. 1 ANSWER KEY
A. B. ½ , 12, 12 ½
1. -5, -7, -9 -1, -5, -9,-13, C.
6.
2. X+4y, x+5y,
-17 11. an = 7n +2
x+6y 7. -7 ½ ,-7, -6 ½
12. an = -11n +
3. 9√3, 11 √3,
, -6, -5 ½ 15
13 √3 8. 18, 21, 24,
13. an = n^2
4. 6d, 7e, 8f
27, 30
n+2
9. ½ , 2/3, 1,
5. Hexagon,
4/3, 5/3 4. an = -8n +6
heptagon,
octagon 10. 10 ½ , 11, 11 5. an = 1 / (3n)
 LESSON 3:
ILLUSTRATES AN
ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE
 WHAT DO THEY HAVE IN COMMON?

Below are squares formed by matchsticks.

Count the number of matchsticks in each
figure and record the results in a table.

No. of squares 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No. of matchsticks 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31

Guide Questions:
1. Is there a pattern in the no. of matchsticks?
2. How is each term found?
3. What is the difference between any two
consecutive terms?
 ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
- It is a sequence where every term
after the first is obtained by adding a
constant called the common
difference.
- Examples are:
1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, …
15, 11, 7, 3, -1, -5, -9, …
3x, 5x, 7x, 9x, 11x, 13x, …
a, 1+2a, 2+3a, 3+4a, 4+5a,…
y-2, y-4, y-6, y-8, y-10, …
 WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING
SEQUENCES IS AN ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE?
1. 3, 7, 11, 15, 19
2. 4, 16, 64, 256
3. 48, 24, 12, 6, 3
4. 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36
5. 1, , 0, -
6. -2, 4, -8, 16
7. 1,0, -1, -2, -3
8. , , ,
9. 3x, x, ,
10. 9.5, 7.5, 5.5, 3.5
WHAT IS MISSING?
1. 3, 12, 21, ___, ___, ___
2. 8, 3, -2, ___, ___
3. 5, 12, ___, 26, ___
4. 2, ___, 20, 29, ___
5. ___, 4, 10, 16, ___
6. 17, 14, ___, ___, 5
7. 4, ___, ___, 19, 24
8. ___, ___, ___, 8, 12, 16
9. -1, ___, ___, ___, 31, 39
10. 13, ___, ___, ___, -11, -17
WHAT IS MISSING?
1.5, 10, 15, _____, _____,
30
2.-2, 0, _____, 4, _____, 8
3._____, , 1, , _____
4.-8, -3, _____, _____, _____
FIND THE SPECIFIED NTH
TERM OF THE GIVEN
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
1. 4, 7, 10, ….. (6TH TERM)
6TH TERM = 19
2. 3, 5, 7, 9, ….. (10TH TERM)
10TH TERM = 21
3. 10, 5, 0, ….. (7TH TERM)
7TH TERM = - 20
4. 3, 12, 21, ….. (15TH TERM)
15TH TERM = 129
MORE OF THE MATCHSTICK ACTIVITY

No. of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
squares 0
No. of 4 7 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3
Matchstick 0 3 6 9 2 5 8 1
s
 4, 7, 10, 13, …
*a1 = 4 * a5 = 16
a1 = 4 + 0d a5 = 4 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3
*a2 = 7 a5 = 4 + 4d
a2 = 4 + 3 a10 = ?
a2 = 4 + 1d a10 = 4 + 9d
*a3 = 10
a3 = 4 + 3 + 3 a20 = ?
a3 = 4 + 2d a20 = 4 + 19d
*a4 = 13
a4 = 4 + 3 + 3 + 3 General rule:
a4 = 4 + 3d an = a1 + (n-1)d
If a1 and d are known, it is easy to find
any term in an arithmetic sequence by
using the rule:
an = a1 + (n – 1) d

where:
 an is the nth term

 a1 is the first term

 n is the number of terms

 d is the common difference

FIND THE SPECIFIED NTH TERM OF EACH SEQUENCE BELOW:

1. 1, 4, 7, 10,… ------------ 10th term

an = a1 + (n – 1) d
a10 = 1 + (10 – 1) (3)
= 1 + (9)(3)
= 1 + 27
a10 = 28
2. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, … -------- 25th term
an = a1 + (n – 1) d
a25 = 3 + (25 – 1) (2)
= 3 + (24)(2)
= 3 + 48
a25 = 51
EXERCISES: FIND THE
SPECIFIED NTH TERM OF EACH
SEQUENCE BELOW.
1. 10, 5, 0, -5, -10, … ----- 13th term
a13 = - 50
2. 81, 64, 47, 30, …-------- 8th term
a8 = - 38
3. -2, -5, -8, -11, -14,… --- 12th term
a12 = - 35
4. 4, 9, 14, 19, 24,…------- 22nd term
a22 = 109
5. 10.2, 12.7, 15.2,… ------15th term
a15 = 45.2
FILL IN THE MISSING
TERM/S
1. 8, 16, ___, 32, 40
* 24
2. 5, 10, ____, ____, ____, 30
* 15, 20, 25
3. 5, _____, _____, 26
* 12, 19
ARITHMETIC MEANS
- Terms between any two nonconsecutive terms of
an arithmetic sequence
5, ____, ____, 26

an = a1 + (n – 1) d
an = a1 + (n – 1) d
an - a1 = (n – 1) d
n–1 n-1
d = an - a1 d = 26 – 5 = 21
= 7
n–1 4–1 3
5, __12__, __19__, 26
EXERCISES:
INSERT THE INDICATED NUMBER OF
ARITHMETIC MEANS BETWEEN THE GIVEN
TERMS
1. 2 and 32 [1]
d = an - a1 = 32 - 2 = 30 = 15
n–1 3-1 2

*2, 17, 32
2. 6 and 54 [3]
d = 12 * 6, 18, 30, 42, 54
 INSERT THE INDICATED NUMBER OF
ARITHMETIC MEANS BETWEEN THE
GIVEN TERMS
1. 68 and 3 [4]
d = -13 68, 55, 42, 29, 16, 3
2. 10 and 40 [5]
d=5 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35,
40
3. and 2 [2]
d = , 1, , 2
4. -4 and 8 [3]
d=3 - 4, - 1, 2, 5, 8
5. -16 and -8 [3]
d=2 -16, -14, -12, -10, -
8
6. and [4]
d= , 1, , , 3,
7. a and b [1]
d= a, , b
8. x+y and 4x – 2y [2]
d=x–y
x + y, 2x, 3x - y, 4x - 2y
7. a+(b-a) = 2a + b – a = a+b
2 2 2
8. d = (4x-2y) – (x+y) = 3x-3y =
x-y
3 3
*(x+y) +(x-y)= 2x
* 2x + (x-y) = 3x - y
Insert the indicated arithmetic
means in the given sequences
below:

1.5 and – 3 [3]

2.10 and 4 [2]
3.-7 and 1 [3]
4.4x – 3y and 7x [2]
INSERT 2 ARITHMETIC
MEANS BETWEEN THE
GIVEN ARITHMETIC
EXTREMES
1. 2 and 29
d = 9; 2, 11, 20, 29
2. 3 and 9
d = 2; 3, 5, 7, 9
3. 5x and 17x
d = 4x; 5x, 9x, 13x, 17x
What if you will be asked to find the sum of
the given terms in no. 1? In no. 2? In no. 3?
In the succeeding number?
* Integers from 1 to 100
IF THE FIRST AND THE LAST
TERMS ARE GIVEN, TO FIND
THE SUM, USE THE FORMULA:
Sn =
Where:
 Sn = Sum of n terms

 a1 = first term

 an = last term
 IN FINDING THE SUM OF THE FIRST
N TERMS OF AN ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE, USE THE FORMULA:
Sn =
Where:
 Sn = Sum of n terms

 a1 = first term

 n = number of terms

 d = common difference
FIND THE SUM OF THE
TERMS OF EACH FINITE
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
BELOW:
1. 1, 4, 7, 10
Method A:
Sn = Method B:

S4 = Sn =
= 2 [2 + 3(3)] S4 =
= 2 (2 +9) = 2(11)
= 2 (11) S4 = 22
S4 = 22
2. 81, 64, 47, 30, 13, -4

Method A:
Sn =
S6 = Method B:
= 3 [162 + 5(-
Sn =
17)]
= 3 [162 +(- S6 = ]
85)] = 3(77)
= 3 (77) S6 = 231
S6 = 231
 3. INTEGERS FROM 1 TO 50

Method A:
Sn =
S50 = Method B:
= 25 [2 + Sn =
49(1)]
S50 = ]
= 25 (2 +49)
= 25 (51) =
25(51)
S50 = 1275
S50 = 1275
 4. FIRST 25 TERMS OF THE
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE 4,
9, 14, 19, 24,…
Method A: Method B:
Sn = Sn =
S25 = S25 = ]
= [8 + 24(5)]
= (128)
= (8 +120)
S25 =
= (128)
= S25 = 1600
S25 = 1600
5. NUMBERS BETWEEN 1
AND 81 WHICH ARE
DIVISIBLE BY 4
Method A:
Sn = Method B:
S20 = Sn =
= [8 + 19(4)]
S20 = ]
= (8 +76)
= 10(84)
= 10(84)
S20 = 840 S20 = 840
 FIND THE SUM OF THE TERMS OF
EACH FINITE ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE BELOW:
1. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
S5 = 35
2. 10, 5, 0, -5, -10, -15
S6 = -15
3. -2, -5, -8, -11, -14, -17
S6 = - 57
4. First 20 terms of the AS -16, -20, -24, …
S20 = - 1080
WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
1. The second term of an AS is 24 and the fifth term
is 3. Find the first term and the common difference.
a1, 24, a3, a4, 3
d=
=
=
d = -7
a1 = 24 – d

= 24 – (-7)
= 24 + 7
a1 = 31
2. WHICH TERM OF THE ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE IS -18, GIVEN THAT THE
FIRST TERM IS 7 AND THE SECOND
TERM IS 2? a = a + (n – 1)d
n 1

-18 = 7 + (n – 1)(-5)

-18 = 7 + (-5n) + 5
-18 = -5n + 12

5n = 18 + 12

n=6

 Since n = 6, therefore -18 is the 6th term.

3. FIND X SO THAT THE NUMBERS 7X+2, 5X+12,
2X-1 FORM AN ARITHMETIC SEQ. GIVE THE SEQ.
7x + 2, 5x + 12, 2x – 1
(5x + 12) – (7x + 2) = (2x – 1) – (5x + 12)
5x + 12 - 7x - 2 = 2x – 1 - 5x - 12
-2x + 10 = -3x - 13
-2x + 3x = -13 – 10
x = -23
The sequence is:
7(-23)+2, 5(-23)+12, 2(-23)-1
● -159, -103, -47 with d = 56
4. THE SUM OF THE FIRST TEN TERMS
OF AN ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE IS 530. WHAT IS THE FIRST
TERM IF THE LAST
TERM IS 80? WHAT IS THE COMMON
DIFFERENCE?
Sn = = 26
Sn = d=
530 = + 80)
530 = 5( + 80) =
530 = 5 + 400 d=6
530 – 400 = 5
=