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Chapter # 22

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14 views25 pages

Chapter # 22

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salmanahmad2905
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 22

Electric Fields
Concept of
Electric Field
• A field is a way of conceptualizing and mapping the force that surrounds
any object and acts on another object at a distance without apparent
physical connection. For example, the gravitational field surrounding the
earth (and all other masses) represents the gravitational force that would be
experienced if another mass were placed at a given point within the field.

can be both +ve or -ve

is always +ve
Electrostatic Meter / Static Field meter
Electric Force and Electric Field
Relation
• The electric field is defined in such a manner that it represents only the charge
creating it and is unique at every point in space. Specifically, the electric field is
defined to be the ratio of the Coulomb F force to the test charge q0 :

The SI unit for the electric field is the newton per


coulomb (N/C).
Like all vectors, the electric field can be represented by an arrow that has length
proportional to its magnitude and that points in the correct direction.

NOTE: The total electric field created by multiple charges is the vector sum of the
individual fields created by each charge.
Electric Field due to a Point
Charge
To find the electric field due to a charged particle (often called a
point charge),we place a positive test charge at any point near
the particle, at distance r. From Coulomb’s law, the force on the
test charge due to the particle with charge q is

we can now write the electric field set up by the particle (at the location
of the test charge) as

⃗
𝐹
𝑞0
r
q
Electric Field at a Point due to
Multiple Point Charges

In general, if several electric fields are set up at


a given point by several charged particles, we
can find the net field by the VECTOR ADDITION
of all the individual fields ⃗
𝐹
𝑞0
An electric dipole consists of two equal,
but opposite charges +q & -q separated
by a distance d. Electric field of a dipole
at a point P which is a distance z apart
from its center and lies on its axis is given
by the following expression. Her p is
called the electric dipole moment and is
given by p = qd.

This expression can be derived by using the expression for the electric field of a
point charge for both the charges of the dipole.
≈0
Question: Derive the expression for the electric field
at a point P which lies at a distance z above the
center of a uniformly charged ring having radius R
and total charge q as shown in figure.
Question: Derive the expression for the electric field
produced due to a uniformly charged disk of surface charge
density  and radius R at point P which lies at a distance z
above the center of the disk as shown in figure .
Important problems
Chapter 22
7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 19, 23, 30, 34, 35, 64, 66
For derivations involved in Chapter-23 Gauss’
law (Line, Sheet, Shell, Sphere). you can see
page number 671 and onward from the book

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