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Lec-5 Programming Fundamentals

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10 views9 pages

Lec-5 Programming Fundamentals

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babugosha80
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CSC113-Programming Fundamentals

Lecture 05
Week 03
Ms. Noor-ul-Huda
Senior Lecturer-I
Department of Computer Science
College of Computer Science and Information Systems
[email protected]
Lecture outcomes:
▪Arithmetic Operators

▪Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division

▪Compound Statements

▪Order of sub-expression evaluation


Arithmetic Operators:
• Arithmetic operators are fundamental in programming and mathematics.
• They are used to perform basic mathematical operations on numbers.
• In computer programming, these operators are often used for calculations
Arithmetic Operators:
• An arithmetic operator performs mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division etc on numerical values (constants and variables).

Operator Meaning of Operator

+ addition or unary plus

- subtraction or unary minus

* multiplication

/ division

% remainder after division (modulo division)


Example of Arithmetic Operators:

// Working of arithmetic operators


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 9,b = 4, c;

c = a+b;
printf("a+b = %d \n",c);
c = a-b;
printf("a-b = %d \n",c);
c = a*b;
printf("a*b = %d \n",c);
c = a/b;
printf("a/b = %d \n",c);
c = a%b;
printf("Remainder when a divided by b = %d \n",c);

return 0;
Compound Statements
• Compound statements, also known as block statements, are used to group multiple
statements together into a single block.
• In many programming languages, compound statements are enclosed within curly braces {}.
• They are often used in control structures like loops and conditionals.
Compound Statements
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int x = 7;

if (x > 5) {
printf("x is greater than 5.\n");
printf("This is part of the if block.\n");
} else {
printf("x is not greater than 5.\n");
printf("This is part of the else block.\n");
}
Order of Sub-expression Evaluation:

• The order of sub-expression evaluation is essential when it comes to complex expressions.


In most programming languages, sub-expressions are evaluated based on operator
precedence and associativity.
• For example, in the expression a + b * c, multiplication (*) is evaluated before addition (+)
due to their respective precedence levels.
• Parentheses can be used to override this default order.
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int num = 5;

// Using the increment operator to increase num by 1


num++; // Equivalent to num = num + 1;

printf("After incrementing: %d\n", num); // Output will be 6

return 0;
}

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