GOOD DAY
EVERYONE!
ETHNOLINGUISTIC
Human speech is a part of culture. This meant that utterances can be
correctly understood if they match with the represented culture. Since
cultural experiences are shared through language, language then becomes
a representation of one's culture. It is when experiences are told that the
listeners get to know and experience the complexity of other people's
practices and beliefs. Moreover, the spoken symbols used in
communication somehow stand for one's culture since language is
sometimes distinct from culture to culture (Silva-Fuenzaleda, n.d.).
However, for some, language is only a means of communication or a
channel in which ideas can be expressed, not knowing that language is
more than just that (Silva-Fuenzaleda. n.d.)
The difference in sound and manner of delivery has an important
role in communication and this is an emerging language concern of
ethnolinguistics that could lead to cultural discovery.
Ethnolinguistics deals with the connections between culture and
language. It examines how we culturally behave given the type of
langung des that linge ding (Augustyn et. al. 2019),
Ethnolinguistics further pushes the idea that languages cahe so be
tagged "similar" because they represent not only the language
symbols but the social reality in their respective cultures. Where
there is even a little difference in how every group speaks and
behaves there is significant difference to investigate.
Part of ethnolinguistics is the so-called linguistic relativism. It states
that the language we know or use every day is more than just a list of
words guided by grammar structures and prescribed rules. It goes
beyond the of words, for it also influences our cognitive processes
and defines how we see thimgs. Linguistic relativism has two
versions- the strong and the weak. The strong version postulates that
language decides and determines our thoughts and cognition, while
the weak version pushes the idea that language only influences
thoughts. At present, linguists seem favorable to the weak version and
this fact has influenced many experiments on linguistics.
WHAT IS CODE-
SWITCHING?
Communities, where bilingualism is practiced, employ some techniques in
making communication meaningful, effective, and intelligible. They resort to
code switching, especially if the target language is the people's foreign or
second language Code-switching is a strategy of using two different
languages inside a sentence or in discourse. This is a real phenomenon among
multilingual speakers (Esen, 2019). It is also the process of distinguishing a
speech structure from one language to another. This quick language shift
depends on context and ease. In some cases, some people intentionally switch
codes to get approval and experience belongingness to a large community.
As the code-switching technique spreads, identity researchers, social
psycholo gists and sociologists become more interested in its aspects and
elements.
Who Uses Code-Switching?
Bilingual and monolingual speakers often use code-switching as a
communicative option whett expressing intelligible ideas in the target
languages becomes a hindrance. This does not only apply to others but also
to local dialects. However, some speakers intentionally use code-switching
to make the conversation intelligible to a group that uses the same language.
Sometimes, language users switch within a single language by mixing their
dialects. Despite the shifting of languages from one to another, the elements
of language such as phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and context
are still intact (Esen, 2019),
Examples:
Kita tayo sa 4 floor of this mall. Maghahanap ako ng toys.
Naka-on yong lights ng motor mo. Please off mo na yan.
Sabi niya hindi siya makakalimot sa akin. Pero, after 2 weeks of
being malayo sa isa’t- isa, naiba na siya.
Buy tayo ng food sa labas after ko nitong ginagawa ko
TYPES:
1. Inter-Sentential. The shifting of languages happens at either end of the
sentence. Word or words can be situated at the beginning or at the end of the
sentence.
Examples:
"If he asks you for a date, huwag sumama."
"Ito yon, it is so heavy."
2. Intra-Sentential. The languages shift in the middle of a clause (sentence),
without obvious hesitations, pauses and interruptions to emphasize the shift. The
shift happens without the speaker knowing it.
Examples:
"I was in my office nang makita ko siya chased by the police.
"Get your bag inside the car pati 'yong payong because it is raining."
3. Tag Switching. A word or a tag question of a different language is
inserted into an utterance of another language.
Examples:
You are John, tama ba?
Ikaw si John, aren't you?
Directions: Provide sample sentences for each code-switching type.
Next, differentiate the three by stating the unique feature's each of them
has.
TYPE OF CODE- Example (2 examples Unique feature/s (at
SWITCHING each) least a sentence of two)
INTER-SENTENTIAL
INTRA-SENTENTIAL
TAG SWITCHING
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
