Eccentric loading
(The Secant Formula)
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Eccentric loading (Review)
• If a two-force member is
loaded axially but
eccentrically as shown in
Fig: 9
.
• In this section, the line of action of the force does not
pass the through centroid of the cross section.
• This mean that the internal forces in given section
and a couple M of the moment M = P d.
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Design of Columns Under an Eccentric Loading
• A load imposed on a structural
member at some point other
than the centroid of the
section.
• Eccentric means: out of centre.
• In this section, the load will be
off centre and causes bending
in the column in addition to
compression.
10 - 3
Design of Columns Under an Eccentric Load
• An eccentric load P can be
replaced by a centric load P
and a couple M = Pe.
• Due to eccentric load, the
column will bend ( must
contain both axial and bending
stress)
• The axial load will produce
compressive stress (P/A) and
load P is not at centre, it will
cause bending stress (M c / I)
10 - 4
Design of Columns Under an Eccentric Load
• Normal stresses can be found
from superposing the stresses due
to the centric load and couple,
centric bending
P Mc
max
A I
• In this section, buckling is not a
question, but rather how much the
column can be permitted to bend
under increasing load (if allowable
stress and deflection is not exceed
to their limits).
10 - 5
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Fig: Wind power plant
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Fig: Combined axial and bending stress in a C clamp.
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Fig: Bracket fan
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• The graph shows that the load carrying capacity decreases with increasing eccentricity.
• The horizontal line and Euler’s curve represent the limit of secant formula as e
approaches to zero
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By using trigonometric relations
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Exp: 11.9 Secant formula applied to a column
with eccentric loads (P-560 Ansel C Ugural)
Given: A 6 m long pin ended steel column of S 200 × 34
section as shown in fig. carries a centric load P 1 = 400 KN and
an eccentrically applied load P2 = 80 KN .
Let E = 200 GPa, σy = 250 MPa.
Compute (i) the maximum deflection in the column.
(ii) the maximum stress in the column.
A = 4370 × 10-6 m2, S = 266 × 10-6 m3,
I = 27 × 10-6 m4
Solution: loads P1 and P2 are statically equivalent to a load P.
P1 + P2 = 480 KN acting with an eccentricity e = 20 mm.
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Exp: 11.10 Stress in a strut of a work piece
clamping assembly (P-562 : Ansel C Ugural)
Given: A work piece is clamped to a cutting machine table by
a bolt tightened to a tension of 2P. The clamp is offset from
centroidal axis of the strut by a distance ‘e’. The strut is made
of high strength steel with diameter ‘d’ and length ‘L’. The
data are as follows: d = 1.2 in; e = 0.14 in ; L = 5 in;
P = 800 lbs ; E = 29 × 106 psi
Calculate the maximum stress in the strut. By using:
(a) Equation of short compression member.
(b) The secant formula
Assumption: the strut is taken as pin ended column. `
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H.W Problem
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1. Explain the effect of eccentric loading on
column.
[Link] an expression for the maximum
stress induced in the long column subjected
to an eccentric loading.
2.[Link]
gi?topic=me&chap_sec=09.3&page=theory
// Eccentric Axial Loads
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Complex Engineering Problem
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