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Increasing Efficiency of Rankine Cycle

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26 views8 pages

Increasing Efficiency of Rankine Cycle

Uploaded by

Kalpani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How to improve

efficiency of Rankine
Cycle
Increase the Efficiency of the Rankine
Cycle
From the second low of
thermodynamic,

dQR= ∫ TdS
qin = Thigh,ave *∆S = Area 2-3-
4-a-b-1-2
b a qout = Tlow,ave *∆S = Area 1-4-
a-b-1
The basic idea behind Efficiency
all the modifications to/ T
=1-(Tlow,ave increase the
high,ave)
thermal efficiency of a power cycle is the same: increase the
average temperature at which heat is transferred to the
working fluid in the boiler, or decrease the average
temperature at which heat is rejected form the working fluid in
the condenser.
1. Lowering the Condenser Pressure

• Steam exists as a saturated mixture in the condenser at the saturation


temperature corresponding to the pressure inside the condenser.

• Therefore, lowering the operating pressure of the condenser automatically lowers


the temperature at which heat is rejected.

ηR = wnet,out/ qin = 1 – (qout / qin )

• if we operate the condenser at a lower


pressure, qout drops by a large amount
and qin increases by a modest amount.
Both of these effects lead to a higher
work output for the cycle and a higher
thermal efficiency.
2. Superheating the Steam to High Temperatures

• Thigh,ave can be increased by superheating the steam to high


temperatures.

• qin increases rapidly as point 3 moves towards point


3’ because the isobar slopes upward after it leaves
the 2-phase envelope.

• qout also increases as point 4 slides toward point 4’,


but not as rapidly, because the path is a horizontal
line. a a’

η = 1 – (qout / qin )
• Therefore Rthermal efficiency of Rankine cycle increases as well as it
decrease the moisture content at the turbine exit.
3. Increasing the Boiler Pressure

• Another way of increasing Thigh,ave is increasing boiler operating pressure and thus
raises the thermal efficiency of the cycle.

• But this increases moisture content of steam at the turbine exit increases. This
undesirable side effect can be corrected by reheating the steam.
Schematic and T-s
diagram

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