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Computer System Architecture

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Tanvi Saraff
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16 views7 pages

Computer System Architecture

Uploaded by

Tanvi Saraff
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER SYSTEM

ARCHITECTURE
BY Tanvi Saraff
Class-9A
COMPUTER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
 Computer System Architecture refers to
the structure and organization of a
computer system, including its
hardware components and how they
interact with each other.

 Understanding computer system


architecture is crucial for designing
efficient and reliable computer systems.
Components of Computer System Architecture

 Central Processing Unit (CPU): The CPU is the


brain of the computer that performs calculations
and executes instructions.

 Memory (RAM): RAM (Random Access Memory)


stores data and instructions that the CPU needs
for immediate access.

 Input/Output (I/O) Devices: I/O devices, such as


keyboards, mice, and printers, allow users to
interact with the computer and exchange data
with external devices.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Control Unit: The control unit coordinates and controls
the operations of the CPU by fetching, decoding, and
executing instructions.
 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): The ALU performs
mathematical operations (arithmetic) and logical
operations (comparison, decision-making) on data.
 Registers: Registers are small, high-speed memory
units inside the CPU used to store and manipulate
data during processing.
 Instruction Execution Cycle: The instruction execution
cycle represents the sequence of steps involved in
fetching, decoding, executing, and storing instructions .
Memory (RAM)
 Types of Memory: Different types of memory include cache,
RAM (Random Access Memory), and ROM (Read-Only Memory),
each serving different purposes in the computer system.
 Memory Hierarchy: Memory hierarchy refers to the
organization of different memory levels, ranging from fast but
expensive cache memory to slower but more extensive main
memory (RAM) and permanent storage (hard drives).
 Memory Management: Memory management techniques
ensure efficient allocation, utilization, and sharing of memory
resources among various processes and applications.
Input/Output Devices

 Types of I/O Devices: I/O devices encompass a wide range of


peripherals, including keyboards, mice, monitors, printers, and
network adapters, enabling users to input and output data.

 I/O Interfaces: I/O interfaces connect the computer system to


external devices, providing the necessary communication channels
and protocols for data exchange.

 I/O Communication Methods: Polling, interrupts, and direct memory


access (DMA) are methods used for managing communication
between the CPU and I/O devices.
THANK YOU

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