ICT Logical Gates
ICT Logical Gates
Logic gates
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Computers and Electricity
Gate
A device that performs a basic operation on
electrical signals
Circuits
Gates combined to perform more
complicated tasks
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Computers and Electricity
How do we describe the behavior of gates and
circuits?
Boolean expressions
Uses Boolean algebra, a mathematical notation for expressing
two-valued logic
Logic diagrams
A graphical representation of a circuit; each gate has its
own symbol
Truth tables
A table showing all possible input values and the associated
output values
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Gates
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NOT Gate
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AND Gate
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OR Gate
An OR gate accepts two input signals
If both are 0, the output is 0; otherwise,
the output is 1
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XOR Gate
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XOR Gate
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Gates with More Inputs
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Review of Gate Processing
Gate Behavior
NOT Inverts its single input
AND Produces 1 if all input values are 1
OR Produces 0 if all input values are 0
XOR Produces 0 if both input values are the same
NAND Produces 0 if all input values are 1
NOR Produces 1 if all input values are 0
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Circuits
Combinational circuit
The input values explicitly determine the output
Sequential circuit
The output is a function of the input values and the
existing state of the circuit
We describe the circuit operations using
Boolean expressions
Logic diagrams
Truth tables
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Combinational Circuits
Gates are combined into circuits by using the
output of one gate as the input for another
The same
circuit using a
Boolean
expression is
AB + AC
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Combinational Circuits
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Combinational Circuits
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