Scribd
Upload
157 views26 pages

Shanthi ML

Uploaded by

Shanthireddy Matam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
157 views26 pages

Shanthi ML

Uploaded by

Shanthireddy Matam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

PRESENTATION

ON
MACHINE LEARNING

Presented
By
Matam Shanthi
OUTLINE
1.Introduction to ML
2.What is ML?
3.How does it work?
4.Learning System Model
5.Training and Testing
6.LifeCyle of ML
7.Types of Machine Learning
8.Applications of Machine Learning
9.Challenges and Limitations
10.The Future of Machine Learning
MACHINE LEARNING:
TRANSFORMING THE FUTURE
Introduction to Machine
Learning
Machine learning is the powerful
technology that is reshaping
industries, driving innovation, and
unlocking new possibilities across
every sector. It is a transformative
force that is poised to redefine the
way we live, work, and interact
with the world around us.
WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING?

Machine Learning is a subset of artificial


intelligence that enables systems to learn
from data and improve over time without
explicit programming. It involves algorithms
that analyze data, recognize patterns, and
make predictions based on input.
HOW DOES IT WORK?

At its core, machine learning involves


feeding algorithms large amounts of data
to identify patterns. These algorithms
then use statistical techniques to make
predictions or decisions, enhancing their
accuracy with every iteration.
LEARNING SYSTEM MODEL
TRAINING
✧ Purpose: The primary goal is to teach the model how to reco
gnize patterns and make predictions based on the provided da
ta.
✧ Data: Uses a subset of the dataset called the training set.
✧ Process: The model learns by adjusting its parameters to min
imize the error between its predictions and the actual outcom
es.
TESTING

• Purpose: The main goal is to evaluate how well the model


performs on new, unseen data.
✧ Data: Uses a separate subset of the dataset called the test
ing set, which was not used during training.
✧ Process: The model makes predictions on the testing data,
and these predictions are compared to the actual outcome
s to assess accuracy.
THE MACHINE LEARNING
LIFECYCLE

10
1. GATHERING DATA:

• In this step, we need to identify the different data sources, as


data can be collected from various sources such
as files, database, internet, or mobile devices.
This step includes the below tasks:
✧ Identify various data sources
✧ Collect data
✧ Integrate the data obtained from different sources
2. DATA PREPARATION
After collecting the data, we need to prepare it for further steps
This step can be further divided into two processes:

✧Data exploration:
It is used to understand the nature of data that we have
to work with. We need to understand the characteristics, format,
and quality of data.A better understanding of data leads to an
effective outcome. In this, we find Correlations, general trends,
and outliers.

✧Data pre-processing:
Now the next step is preprocessing of data for its analysis.
3. DATA WRANGLING
Data wrangling is the process of cleaning and converting raw data
into a useable format.

In real-world applications, collected data may have various issues,


including:
✧Missing Values
✧Duplicate data
✧Invalid data
✧Noise
So, we use various filtering techniques to clean the data.
4. DATA ANALYSIS
Now the cleaned and prepared data is passed on to the analysis step. This
step involves:

✧Selection of analytical techniques:


It starts with the determination of the type of the problems, where we
select the machine learning techniques such
as Classification, Regression, Cluster analysis, Association, etc. then build
the model using prepared data, and evaluate the model.

✧Building models

✧Review the result


5.TRAIN MODEL
Now the next step is to train the model, in this step we train our
model to improve its performance for better outcome of the
problem.

We use datasets to train the model using various machine learning


algorithms.

The algorithms we use commonly are,

• Support Vector Machines (SVM) ,


k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) ,
Naive Bayes ,
k-Means Clustering,
Hierarchical Clustering,etc
6. TEST MODEL
Once our machine learning model has been trained on a given
dataset, then we test the model. In this step, we check for the
accuracy of our model by providing a test dataset to it.

Testing the model determines the percentage accuracy of the


model as per the requirement of project or problem.
7. DEPLOYMENT
The last step of machine learning life cycle is deployment, where
we deploy the model in the real-world system.

If the above-prepared model is producing an accurate result as per


our requirement with acceptable speed, then we deploy the model
in the real system.

But before deploying the project, we will check whether it is


improving its performance using available data or not.

The deployment phase is similar to making the final report for a


project.
Types of Machine
Learning
There are three main types of machine learning:
• Supervised Learning
• Unsupervised Learning and
• Reinforcement Learning.

Each type serves different purposes and applications, from


predicting outcomes to discovering hidden patterns in data.
1.Supervised
Learning
• Supervised learning is a type of machine learning where the
model is trained using labeled data.

Techniques:
1.Classification
• Identifying the category or class that an input belongs to, such as
recognizing images of different objects .

2.Regression
• Predicting a numerical outcome based on input variables,
like forecasting sales or stock prices.
2.Unsupervised
Learning
Unsupervised learning is a type of machine learning where the model is train
ed on unlabeled data, meaning the data provided to the algorithm does not h
ave any specific output labels.
Techniques:
1.Clustering
Grouping similar data points together without pre-defined labels, helping to
uncover hidden patterns and structures.
2.Anomaly Detection
Identifying outliers or unusual data points that may indicate errors, fraud,
or other noteworthy events.
3.REINFORCEMENT LEARNING:
• Reinforcement learning (RL) involves training an agent to make a sequence
of decisions by rewarding it for desired actions and penalizing it for undesi
red ones.
• Techniques:
1. Q-Learning
✧ A model-
free RL algorithm where the agent learns the value of an action in a given state.
2.Deep Q-Network (DQN)
✧ Combines Q-learning with deep neural networks to handle high-
dimensional state spaces.
APPLICATIONS OF MACHINE
LEARNING:
1. Spam Detection: Machine learning models help identify a
nd filter out spam content, ensuring a cleaner user experi
ence.

2. Image and Video Recognition: Algorithms can automati


cally tag people in photos, recognize objects, and even de
tect inappropriate content.

3. Targeted Advertising: Ads are tailored to users based on t


heir interests, browsing history, and online behavior, increas
ing the relevance and effectiveness of advertisements.
APPLICATIONS OF MACHINE
LEARNING:
4.Product Recommendations:
Ecommerce sites like Amazon and eBay suggest pro
ducts to users based on their browsing and purchase
history, enhancing the shopping experience.

5.Content Personalization: Platforms like Faceboo


k, Instagram, and Twitter use machine learning algorit
hms to personalize user feeds by analyzing user beha
vior and preferences.
CHALLENGES AND LIMITATIONS:
• Interpretability
Many machine learning models, especially deep neural networks,
operate as "black boxes" making it difficult to understand and explain
their decision-making processes.
• Data Availability and Quality
Effective machine learning requires large, high-quality datasets,
which can be challenging to obtain, especially for specialized or
emerging applications.
THE FUTURE OF MACHINE LEARNING

Machine learning will


revolutionize industries, create
new jobs, and fundamentally
change the way we live, work,
and interact with the world.
THANK YOU

You might also like