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Lecture 2

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6 views

Lecture 2

Uploaded by

IRFAN MUGHAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CYC475 - Topics in Cyber

Security (Web Technologies


and Programming)
WEEK1: CATEGORIES OF WEB APPLICATIONS, WEB
ARCHITECTURES
NAJLA RAZA – LECTURER
COMSATS UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD CAMPUS
Lecture Contents

 Categories of Web Applications


 Web Architectures
Categories of Web Applications

 Static Web Applications


 Dynamic Web Applications
 Single Page Applications
 Multi-page Applications
Static Web Applications

 Pre-rendered HTML pages


 Delivered to the user’s browser as is.
 These applications do not require server-side processing for each
request.
 Examples: Portfolio websites, company information sites,
documentation, disaster report.
Dynamic Web Applications

 Generate content dynamically based on user interaction or other


factors.
 These applications rely on server-side processing to render HTML.
 Examples: E-commerce sites, social networks, content management
systems (CMS).
Single Page Applications

 Load a single HTML page and dynamically update content as the user
interacts with the application.
 Dynamic framework that covers the interaction with the user by the
updated data within the existing page without loading totally new
pages from the server.
 Examples: Gmail, Google Maps.
Multi-page Applications

 Load multiple web pages.


 Each user interaction or page request results in a new HTML page being
fetched and displayed.
 Examples: Traditional e-commerce sites.
Web Architectures

 Layered Architecture
 One-tiered architecture
 Two-tier architecture
 Three-tiered architecture
 N-Tiered architecture
 Monolithic architecture
 Microservices architecture
Layered Architecture

• A traditional approach where the application is divided into layers, each


responsible for a specific aspect of the application. Common layers include:
• Presentation Layer: Handles the user interface and user experience (UI/UX).
• Business Logic Layer: Implements the core functionality and rules of the
application.
• Data Access Layer: Manages data storage, retrieval, and manipulation.
 Advantages: Modularity, separation of concerns, easier maintenance.
 Use Cases: Standard business applications, where clear separation of logic,
data, and presentation is required.
Layered Architecture
One-tiered architecture

 The entire application, including the user interface, business logic, and
data access code, is bundled into a single software package.
 Advantages: Simple deployment, easy to develop for small applications.
 Disadvantages: Hard to scale, difficult to maintain as the application
grows.
 Use Cases: Small, simple applications or prototypes.
Two-tiered architecture

 Splits the application into two layers:


 Client Tier: Runs on the user’s machine and interacts with the server.
 Server Tier: Handles data processing, business logic, and database
operations.
 Advantages: Reduces server load, easier to manage compared to one-
tier.
 Disadvantages: Limited scalability, complex client-side code.
 Use Cases: Desktop applications with a client-server model, small to
medium-sized web applications.
Three-tiered architectures

 Adds an additional layer to the two-tier model, resulting in three layers:


 Presentation Tier: The front-end, usually running in a web browser.
 Application Tier (Logic Tier): Manages the business logic and processes.
 Data Tier: Manages database interactions.
 Advantages: Better separation of concerns, scalability, and
maintainability.
 Disadvantages: More complex to develop and manage.
 Use Cases: Enterprise-level applications, where scalability and
separation of layers are crucial.
N-Tier architectures

 An extension of the three-tier architecture, where additional layers can


be added to further separate concerns and improve scalability.
 Examples of additional layers: Service Layer (for handling API calls),
Caching Layer (for improving performance), Security Layer, etc.
 Advantages: Highly modular, highly scalable, suitable for large,
complex applications.
 Disadvantages: Increased complexity, can be challenging to develop
and maintain.
 Use Cases: Large-scale enterprise applications, distributed systems,
cloud-based applications.
Microservices

 An architecture style that structures an application as collection of


services
 The execution of a single and specific functionality through
Microservices Architecture framework permits developers to rollout
applications faster and with greater efficiency.
 As various components are developed in different coding languages,
there is greater flexibility in choosing a technology of choice.
 Examples: Netflix, Amazon, Uber, etc.
Microservices
Installations

 VS Code (https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/setup/windows)
 Node js (https://nodejs.org/en)
 node –v (on terminal/command prompt)
 Npm

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