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The OSI Model

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3 views16 pages

The OSI Model

Uploaded by

elferjanisaad87
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The OSI Model

: presented by
Saad Elferjani
Outlines

1 2 3
Understand the Identify the seven Explain the function of
purpose of the OSI layers of the OSI .each layer
.Model .Model

4 5
Difference Between Difference Between MAC

UDP and TCP and IP Addresses


rstand the Purpose of the OSI Model
Definition of the OSI Model
OSI Stands For Open Systems Interconnection .
.A framework for understanding how data travels across networks •
,Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) •
Significance and Benefits
.Provides a universal standard for network communication •
.Enhances efficiency by organizing communication into layers •
.Helps troubleshoot and design networks effectively •

Core Concept
The OSI Model simplifies complex network processes by dividing them into
7 layers, each with a specific role, ensuring seamless and reliable
.communication
Identify the Seven Layers of the OSI Model
Layer 7: Application Layer 1

2 Layer 6: Presentation Layer

Layer 5: Session Layer 3

4 Layer 4: Transport Layer

Layer 3: Network Layer 5

6 Layer 2: Data Link Layer

Layer 1: Physical Layer 7


Layer 7: Application Layer

1 User Interface
Provides a user-friendly interface for
.accessing network services

2 Network Services

Offers essential services like email,


file transfer(FTP), and web
browsing (HTTP), enabling
.seamless communication
Layer 6: Presentation Layer
Data Translation
1
.Transforms data into a standard format that all applications can understand, ensuring interopera

Data Encryption/Decryption
2 Secures data transmissions, protecting sensitive information with
.encryption and decryption processes

Data Compression/Expansion
3 Compresses data for efficient transmission and expands it at the
.receiver, optimizing network bandwidth
Layer 5: Session Layer
.Manages and controls the sessions between applications

Session Establishment
1 Initiates and manages communication sessions between devices, allowing for
.data exchange

Session Management
2
,Controls data flow, synchronizes communication
.and ensures error-free data transfer

Session Termination
3 Gracefully ends communication sessions, releasing
.resources and closing connections

Transmission Mode
4
Manages the direction of data flow
.)e.g., full-duplex, half-duplex(
Layer 4: Transport Layer
,Ensures reliable data transfer between devices
.regardless of the underlying network

1 Segmenting
,Breaks data into segments for efficient transmission
.adding sequence numbers

2 Flow Control
.Manages data flow to prevent congestion or data loss

3 Protocol Selection
Determines whether to use a connection-oriented
protocol (e.g., TCP) or a connectionless protocol
.(e.g., UDP) based on the application's requirements

4 Error Control
Detects and manages errors, ensuring data
.reliability and retransmitting lost segments
Difference Between UDP and TCP

UDP TCP
Connectionless, faster, less reliable. Suitable for Connection-oriented, slower, reliable. Suitable for
.streaming or gaming .web browsing or file transfer
Layer 3: Network Layer

Addressing Routing
Assigns unique IP addresses for global device Determines the best path for data packets to reach
.identification, routing data across networks .their destination, navigating networks
Layer 2: Data Link Layer
Framing MAC Addresses
Packages data into frames, adding error Uses MAC addresses for local device
.detection and control information .identification, ensuring correct data delivery
Difference Between MAC and IP Addresses
MAC Address IP Address
A unique physical address assigned to network A logical address assigned to devices on a
interfaces (e.g., network cards). Used for local area network. Used for communication across different
.network communication .networks (internet)
Layer 1: Physical Layer
1 Data Encoding 2 Media Access
Converts data into Controls access to
electrical signals, light physical transmission
pulses, or radio signals media, like cables or
.for transmission .wireless networks
Conclusion
The OSI model provides a clear understanding of network
communication, enabling troubleshooting, design, and
development of network solutions. It ensures
interoperability, security, and efficient data flow in today's
.complex networks
!Thank You

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