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Artificial Intelligence in Chemical
Engineering R E F: A RT I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E I N C H E M I C A L E N G I N E E R I N G T H O M A S E. QUANTRFLLE & Y. A. L I U AC A D E M I C P R E S S , 1 9 9 1 What is artificial intelligence!
The goal of AI has always been to make computers "think," to solve problems requiring human intelligence. Based on this idea, Elaine Rich and Kevin Knight, in their book Artificial Intelligence (McGraw-Hill, 1991) define AI as:
There is no universally accepted definition of AI, so we cannot provide a single, clear-cut answer.
The study of how to make computers do things which, at the moment, people do better.
Avron Barr and Edward A. Feigenbaum in The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Volume I (AddisonWesley, 1981) propose the following definition:
Artificial Intelligence is the part of computer science concerned with designing
intelligent computer systems, that is, systems that exhibit characteristics we associate with intelligence in human behavior. Introduction to AI programming, including Prolog and LISP (List Processing) Introduction to AI principles Chemical engineering case study: the development of EXSEP, an EXpert System for SEParation Synthesis Overview of knowledge-based systems and artificial neural networks in chemical engineering INTRODUCTION TO PROLOG Prolog is one of the two principal languages of artificial intelligence Prolog originated in the early 1970’s, where researchers attempted to use logic as a programming language. The name itself stands for PRQgramming in LOGic. Prolog is an ideal language for solving engineering problems. It is particularly useful for analyzing information about objects and their relationships. In solving engineering problems, we frequently deal with facts. Prolog represents facts through the use of clauses. For example, we can represent the fact that the normal boiling point of water is 100°C by: normal_boiling__point (water, 100) . We use the same expression to describe the normal boiling point of any material: Polyethylene has no boiling point. It decomposes before it vaporizes. We represent this fact as follows: normal_boiling_point (polyethylene,decomposes). The bold type, e.g.,
