Welcome!

Variables
INTRO PROG

JOBERT C. GRAPA, BSIT

Instructor
Let’s
pray…
Review…
• C++ Basics
 What is C++?
 C++ Installation
 Your First C++
Program
 C++ Output
Today, we’ll talk
about…
• Variables
 What are variables?
 Data types
 Identifiers
 Definition, Declaration,
and Initialization
Where to
put? It’s always good to practice segregating
wastes properly. Let us dispose of the wastes below
in the appropriate wastebin.
• Used tissues, paper towels, • Candles and wax, cigarette butts and
napkins ashes
• Masks, plastic gloves • Gum packages, blister packs
• Hot drink cups • Light bulbs, dishes, drinking glasses
• Cold drink cups, straws • Metallic gift wrap and bows
• Plastic bubble wrap • Broken mugs, dishes
• Plastic or foil wrappers, • Feminine hygiene products
aluminum foil
• Drink pouches, straws

Biodegrada Non- Hazardous

Variables
Variables
At this point of our academic experience, we should
have heard and encountered the term “variable” –
whether in Algebra, Geometry, and just about any
branch of Mathematics. It is usually the symbol for
representing an unknown value. One notable example is

𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 = 𝒄𝟐
the use of variables in the Pythagorean Theorem:
Variables
A variable is a portion of memory that stores
data values that our program can manipulate.
Each variable in C++ has a specific type, which the
size, layout, range of values and the set of operations that
can be applied to the variable.

Note: Our goal is to reserve a storage in our

program where the data will be stored so it can be
used in the program.
Variables
Find the sum of two
numbers:
num1 + num2 =
sum

Variable
s
Variables
Find the sum of two numbers:

2 +
3
=
Variable 5
s
Variables
Display the user’s first and last
name:

First Name:
Jobert Variable
Last Name: s
Grapa
Variables
Here are some examples of C++
variables:

Variables
: a is to 5
equal
b is to 6
equal
result no value ye
has t
Variables
Result:
Variables
Here are some examples of C++
variables:

int age = 18;

char MiddeInitial = ‘J’
string FirstName =
“Ford”;
int result;

Syntax:
Data type identifier =
value;
Data Types
A data type is a classification that specifies which
type of value a variable has – numbers, text, paragraphs,
decimal points, etc. It is very important which data type to
use when creating a variable. Here are some of the most
common C++ data types:

Data Type Keyword

Character char
Integer int
Floating Point/Double Floating float/double
Point
String string
Boolean bool
Data
types(char) – Stores a single character, letter or
Character
number value.
A, a, x, y, 1, &
Integer (int) - Stores whole numbers, without decimals.
1, 5600, 1010110
Floating Point (float) - Stores fractional numbers,
containing one or more decimals. Sufficient for storing 7
decimal digits.
0.1234567, 12.5, 329.9999
Data
types
Double Floating Point (double) - Stores fractional
numbers, containing one or more decimals. Sufficient for
storing 15 decimal digits.
0.123456789012345, 12.5, 329.9999
String (string) – stores more than one symbol or
characters.
This is good for words, paragraphs, etc. To use strings, you
must include an additional header file in the source
code, the <string> library.
#include
Data
types
Boolean
values.
(bool) - Stores true or false

1, 0 (1 = True, 0 =
False)
Variable Syntax:
Data type
identifier;
Identifiers
An identifier is a user-defined word used to represent
the variable. Programmers can either use any words, or
string of alphanumeric characters as identifiers. Identifiers
must always start with an alphabet or an underscore (_). To
use an identifier, it must be written after the datatype:

int a;
float
average;
...where a and average are the identifier for
the data types int and float.
Variables
Here are some examples of C++
variables:

Variables
: a is an intege
r
b is an intege
r
c is an intege
r
Identifiers
While you can choose any words as your
identifiers, there are words whose meaning is already
defined by C++ compilers, thus, you can not use it as
identifiers. These are called keywords.
Keywords
Here are the C++
keywords:
Definition,
Declaration, and
Initialization
Definition, declaration and Initialization are the
three steps in writing a variable.

Definition – is simply defining which data

type to use depending on the value.

int - numbers
cha - single letter, symbols
r - number with decimal
float/ points
double - words, paragraphs, etc.
-
Definition,
Declaration, and
Initialization
Declaration – is writing the variable identifier. Identifiers
must always start with an alphabet or an underscore (_). To
use an identifier, it must be written after the datatype:

Syntax:
datatype identifier;
Exampl int a;
e: float
_average;
Definition,
Declaration, and
Initialization
Note: Identifiers must only include one word. Should you
desire to put multiple words, you can separate them by
adding an underscore, a hyphen or just write them in a
single word.

Example:
string First_Name;
string LastName;
string Middle-
Initial;
Definition,
Declaration, and
Initialization
Initialization – is setting an initial value to the
variable.

Syntax:
datatype identifier = value;
int a = 50;
Example: int b = 40;

float quotient = a / b;
Note: The initialized value must agree with the data type it defines.
Definition,
Declaration, and
Initialization
Format:
Each datatype has it’s way of setting values:
char – the value must be enclosed with a single quote (‘ ’).
Example: char MiddleInitial =
‘R’;

string – the value must be enclosed with a double quote (“

”).
Example: string FullName =
Exampl float average =
“Tony Stark”;
e: 45.7; int result =
 Definition,
Declaration, and
Initialization
There are two formats in declaring and initializing variables:

1. All variables can be declared and initialized separately.

Exampl int
e: a; Note: Each
variable must
int always be
b; separated
2. Variables with the same data type, can be
float with a semi-
declared together (must be separated with a comma colon (;).
_aver
“,”) Exampl age = b;
int a,
e: 47.5;
float ave,
result;
 Practice
Let’s Activity
practice writing appropriate variables for the
following
program/scenarios:
Program 1:
A program that displays the user’s first
name.

Datatype Identifier
s: s:
string - first FirstNam
name e
Variables:

string FirstName =
“Tony”;
Program 2:
A program that displays the user’s first name, last name,
and
age.

Datatype Identifier
s: s:
string - first name, last FirstName,
name Lastname,
int - age age
Variables:
string FirstName =
“Tony”;
string LastName =
“Stark”;
Program 3:
A program that displays the sum of two
numbers.

Datatypes:

int – first number, second number, and

the sum.

num1, num
Identifiers: int num1, num2,
Variables:
2, sum sum=num1+num2;
O int
r num1;
int
num2;
Assignmen
tWrite the variables for the following programs:
1. A program that displays the quotient of two integers.
2. A program that displays your first name, middle initial, last
name and address.
3. A program that displays the average of three numbers.

Note: You can write the identifier and value on your own.
Deadline:
Wednesday, October 30, 2024 at 6:00 PM
through Google Classroom.
That’s all
for
today!
Thank you.
Keep safe.
God bless.