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3.1 Function Operations

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3 views18 pages

3.1 Function Operations

Uploaded by

johncarlobarrameda079
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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7.

6 Function Operations
Review: What is a function?

 A relationship where every domain


(x value has exactly one unique range
(y value).
 Sometimes we talk about a FUNCTION
MACHINE, where a rule is applied to
each input of x
Function Operations

Addition :  f  g ( x)  f x  g x 

Multiplication :  f g x   f x g x 

Subtraction :  f  g x   f x  g x 

 f f x 
Division :   x   where gx  0
g g x 
Adding and Subtracting Functions

Let f x  3 x  8 and gx  2 x  12.


Find f  g and f - g

 f  g ( x)  f x  g x   f  g ( x)  f x  g x 
(3 x  8)  (2 x  12) (3 x  8)  (2 x  12)
5 x  4  x  20

When we look at functions we also want to look at


their domains (valid x values). In this case, the
domain is all real numbers.
Multiplying Functions

Let f x   x - 1 and gx   x  1.


2

Find f g

f x g ( x) ( x 2  1)( x  1) In this case, the domain is


all real numbers because
x 3  x 2  x  1 there are no values that will
make the function invalid.
Dividing Functions
Let f x   x 2 - 1 and gx   x  1.
f 
Find  
g
f x  x 2  1
 
g x  x  1
In this case, the domain is
all real numbers EXCEPT
-1, because x=-1 would give
( x  1)( x  1) a zero in the denominator.
x  1
( x  1)
Let’s Try Some
Let f x  5 x 2 - 1 and gx  5 x  1.
Find f x  g ( x) What is the domain? Find f x  g ( x)
Let’s Try Some
Let f x  5 x 2 - 1 and gx  5 x  1.
Find f x  g ( x) What is the domain? Find f x  g ( x)
Let’s Try Some
Let f x  6 x 2  7x - 5 and gx  2 x  1.
f x 
Find f x g ( x) What is the domain? Find
g(x)
Let’s Try Some
Let f x  6 x 2  7x - 5 and gx  2 x  1.
f x 
Find f x g ( x) What is the domain? Find
g(x)
Composite Function – When you
combine two or more functions
 The composition of
function g with
function is written as g  f x  g  f x 
1

1. Evaluate the inner function f(x) first. 2


2. Then use your answer as the input of
the outer function g(x).
Example – Composition of
Functions
Let f x   x  2 and g x   x 2 . Find g  f  5
Method 1: Method 2:

g  f x  g  f x  g  f x  g  f x 
g x   g ( x  2) ( x  2) 2 g  f  5  g ( 5  2)

g  f  5  5  2 2
g ( 7)
2 2
( 7) 49 ( 7) 49
Let’s try some
Let f x   x 3 and g x   x 2  7. Find g  f 2 
Solution
Let f x   x 3 and g x   x 2  7. Find g  f 2 
Real Life Application
 You are shopping in a store that is
offering 20% off everything. You also
have a coupon for $5 off any item.

1. Write functions for the two situations.


Let x = original price.
 20% discount: f(x) = x – 0.20x = 0.8x
 Cost with the coupon: g(x) = x - 5
You are shopping in a store that is offering 20% off
everything. You also have a coupon for $5 off any
item.

2. Make a composition
of functions:

g  f x  ( g (0.8 x))


0.8 x  5
This represents if
they clerk does the
discount first, then
takes $5 off the
discounted price.
You are shopping in a store that is offering 20% off
everything. You also have a coupon for $5 off any
item.

3. Now try applying the


$5 coupon first, then
taking 20% off:  f  g x  ( f ( g ( x  5))
0.8( x  5)
0.8x - 4
How much more will
it be if the clerk
applies the coupon
BEFORE the
discount?
You are shopping in a store that is offering 20% off
everything. You also have a coupon for $5 off any
item.

4. Subtract the two


functions:
 f  g x  g  f x  
(0.8 x  4)  (0.8 x  5) 1
Any item will be $1
more if the coupon is
applied first. You will
save $1 if you take
the discount, then
use the coupon.

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