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Computer Languages

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ashutosh singh
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10 views9 pages

Computer Languages

Uploaded by

ashutosh singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Definition of a Computer Language

•To communicate with the computers, we need some languages. These languages are known as computer languages.
•Computer can be understand only Machine Language (i.e. series of O's and 1's)
•So, the code written in another languages is to be converted into Machine code, whenever required
•he computer language is defined as the code or syntax which is used to write programs or any specific applications
that helps us to communicate with the computer. Some computer languages are C, C++, Perl, Python, Java etc.
1. Low Level Language:-
•They are easy to understand by the computer.
•But difficult for programmers to read, write and understand.
•These are of two types :-
a. Machine Language
b. Assembly Language
a. Machine Language:-
oldest computer language
•A Computer can only understand the Machine Language.
•Machine Language are written in series of 0's and 1's only. (also known as Binary digits)
•It is more difficult to understand and use by the humans.
•The processing speed is very fast. Therefore, most of Games and simulation programs are written in machine
languages.
b. Assembly Language:-
•Assembly Language is a symbolic programming language.
•It uses letter codes instead of binary digits.
•These letter codes are alphabetical abbreviation, known as Mnemonics
•For example- For Addition, the Mnemonics ADD may be used.
•Other examples are For Subtraction, the Mnemonics SUB, For Multiply, the Mnemonics MULT, For Divide, the
2. High Level Language:-
•These languages are also known as Fourth generation languages.
•They are very similar to human languages.
•Therefore, they are easy to read, write and understand for programmers.
•Some languages are C, C++, Java, Phython, PHP, Perl, Fortran, LISP, PROLOG, Pascal, COBOL etc.

Some points to remember :-


•The First computer programming language was created in 1883 by a woman named as Ada Lovelace
•The First Assembly language and Assembler was written by Kathleen Booth
•The C++ programming language was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup
•The Java programming language was developed by James Gosling
•The Python programming language was developed by Guido Van Rossum
•The C programming language was developed by Dennis Richie
Language Translator or Language Processor
Mostly computer programs are written in high level language but the Computer can only understands the machine
language.
Therefore, we need a language translator that can convert the codes into machine code.

"A Language Translator or Language Processor is a translator software that converts the code of any languages
into machine code."
1. Assembler :- An Assembler is a software that converts assembly language codes into machine codes.

2. Interpreter :- An Interpreter is a software that converts high level languages codes into machine codes line by line.

3. Compiler :- A Compiler is a software that converts the entire high level languages codes into machine codes.

Some points to remember :-


•The first Assembler was invented by Nathaniel Rochester.
•The first Interpreted high level language was LISP implemented in the year 1958by Steve Russell.
Language Description Applications

C The great-grandmother and lingua franca of all Operating systems and system
programming languages, tools
C was first released in 1972. (Yes, that’s 50+ years ago!)
It was designed by Dennis Ritchie.
UNIX was written in C language.
C# Originally developed by Microsoft , Game development (Unity game
( “C- based on C and C++. Engine)
sharp”) Windows mobile application is developed using C#. Desktop applications (Microsoft,
Windows)

C++ C++ is based on C, Desktop applications and


complex language to learn. software

JAVA Java was developed by James Gosling at Sun Android applications can be
Microsystems. developed using Java.

FORTRAN Stands for “Formula Translation”. engineering calculation,


Developed by John Backus and IBM. mathematical operations.

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