Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-

Based Fault Detection

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru

By
M. VIGNESH (20481A05G1)
K.VENKATA GURU CHARAN (20481A05D2)
P. GOWTHAMI (20481A05I4)
M. SANJANA (20481A05E6)
Under the guidance of
Dr. N. Siva Chintaiah, MCA, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor, Department of CSE
 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

Outline
• Abstract

• Introduction

• Objectives

• Related Work

• Methodology

• Implementation

• Results

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College
 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

ABSTRACT

The project focuses on enhancing sensor reliability in data-driven systems through

deep learning techniques. It introduces a data-driven approach using a diverse dataset
to promptly and accurately detect sensor faults. Multiple advanced deep learning
methods are evaluated to identify the most efficient sensor fault detection approach.
The research has significant implications for various applications relying on sensor
measurements. By employing deep learning, the project offers a solution for real-time
identification of faulty sensor data, improving system dependability. The work
highlights the potential of advanced machine learning in ensuring reliable and precise
sensor data, ushering in a new era of trustworthy sensor-enabled environments.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

INTRODUCTION

 Sensor data accuracy and reliability are crucial in various fields like industrial
automation, environmental monitoring, healthcare, and smart infrastructure
management.
 Challenges such as sensor drift, calibration errors, environmental factors, and
physical damage can lead to inaccurate readings, affecting decision-making and
system efficiency.
 Traditional fault detection methods for sensor data, including threshold setting
and statistical analysis, face limitations in handling dynamic real-world data
and may result in high rates of false positives and negatives.
 In large-scale sensor networks, the volume and velocity of data further
complicate fault detection, making conventional methods inefficient and
impractical for ensuring data integrity.

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 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

OBJECTIVES

• Develop a robust sensor fault detection methodology using deep learning

techniques.
• Create a comprehensive dataset for sensor readings under diverse conditions.
• Evaluate and identify the most efficient and precise sensor fault detection
method among multiple deep learning architectures and techniques.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

RELATED WORK
• The existing system addresses vulnerabilities in IoT-based smart sensing systems deployed in
challenging environments.
• Its objective is to accurately detect IoT sensor behavior in various scenarios, including
normal operation, sensor faults, and security attacks.
• To achieve this, the system employs an approach based on spatial correlation theory,
validated using Moran's I index, and utilizes machine learning models like CART, RF, and
SVM for classification. Real-time anomaly detection is enabled through edge computing
technology.
• The system assumes attackers with significant computational resources and emphasizes the
need for robust detection methods.
• It comprises three phases: preprocessing, outlier detection, and spatial correlation-based
classification, ultimately distinguishing normal behavior from outliers and accurately
categorizing detected outliers as sensor failures or security attacks.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

METHODOLOGY

 Focus on Sensor Reliability: The methodology aims to enhance sensor reliability in data-
driven systems.
 Utilization of Deep Learning Techniques: Deep learning methods will be employed to detect
sensor faults effectively.
 Data-Driven Approach: The approach relies on a diverse dataset comprising sensor readings
under various conditions.
 Efficient Fault Detection: The goal is to promptly and accurately identify sensor faults.
 Systematic Evaluation of Techniques: Multiple deep learning architectures and techniques
will be explored and assessed.
 Identification of Optimal Method: The methodology seeks to identify the most efficient and
precise sensor fault detection approach.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

METHODOLOGY

 Wide Applicability: The outcomes of this research will have significant implications for a
broad range of applications reliant on sensor measurements.
 Real-Time Fault Identification: The project aims to provide a solution for real-time
identification of faulty sensor data, enhancing system dependability.
 Integration of Advanced Machine Learning: The work emphasizes the potential of
integrating advanced machine learning techniques to ensure the reliability and precision of
sensor data.
 Advancing Sensor-Enabled Environments: Ultimately, the project contributes to advancing
the state-of-the-art in sensor fault detection, heralding a new era of robust and trustworthy
sensor-enabled environments.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
METHODOLOGY

Fig 1: Temperature sensor showing fault results

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
PLAN OF ACTION

Fig 2 : Flow Diagram of Proposed Methodology

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 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
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IMPLEMENTATION

 Utilize 'updated_heart_rate_dataset_formatted.csv': You're being instructed to use a

specific CSV file containing pre-processed heart rate data for fault detection.
 Focus on 'Normalized_Heart_Rate' and 'Label': The model should use
'Normalized_Heart_Rate' as the input feature and 'Label' as the target for classification.
'Label' has two classes: 0 for normal operation and 1 for a fault.
 Split the dataset into 80-20: Before training a model, you usually divide your dataset into a
training set and a test set. In this case, 80% of the data should be used for training the model,
and the remaining 20% for testing its performance. This is done to evaluate the model on
data it hasn't seen during training, ensuring that the model generalizes well to new, unseen
data.
 Initialize a Sequential model with TensorFlow and Keras: This involves using
TensorFlow and its high-level Keras API to define a neural network model. A Sequential
model is a linear stack of layers.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
IMPLEMENTATION

 Add a SimpleRNN layer with 50 units: A SimpleRNN layer is a type of recurrent neural
network that is suited for sequence data, like time series. You are instructed to create this layer
with 50 neurons (units) and use the 'relu' activation function, which is common for hidden layers.
 Follow with a Dense layer with sigmoid activation: After the RNN layer, you need to add a
Dense layer, which is a fully connected neural network layer. Since this is a binary classification
task, the Dense layer should have one unit with a 'sigmoid' activation function that outputs values
between 0 and 1.
 Compile the model: The model needs to be compiled with the 'adam' optimizer (a method to
change the attributes of the neural network such as weights and learning rate to reduce the losses),
'binary_crossentropy' (a loss function for binary classification), and set 'accuracy' as the metric for
evaluation.
 Train the model with EarlyStopping: Train the model using the training data. EarlyStopping is a
technique to stop training once the model performance stops improving on a hold-out validation
dataset.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection

IMPLEMENTATION
 Evaluate the model: After training, assess the model's performance on the test dataset by
calculating metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. These metrics provide
different insights into the quality of the model, such as how many predictions are correct
(accuracy), how many positive predictions were actually positive (precision), and the
proportion of actual positives that were identified correctly (recall).
 Hyperparameter tuning: This involves experimenting with different model settings
(hyperparameters) such as learning rate, batch size, and number of epochs to improve
performance. Grid search or randomized search are systematic ways to do this.
 Apply regularization techniques: To improve the model's generalization and prevent
overfitting, you may use techniques like dropout (randomly setting a fraction of input units
to 0) and batch normalization (normalizing the inputs to a layer for each mini-batch).
 Analyze and interpret the results: After training and evaluating the model, you should
review the performance metrics and understand what they imply about the model's ability to
function in real-world scenarios, such as in heart rate sensor applications.
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 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
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DATASET

The image presents a snapshot of the dataset used in the study, illustrating four critical columns:
Timestamps, Heart Rate, Label, and Normalized Heart Rate. The 'Timestamps' column indicates
the specific time at which each heart rate reading was recorded. 'Heart Rate' displays the raw heart
rate data as captured by the sensors. The 'Label' column categorizes each reading into different
classes, such as 'normal' or 'faulty', based on predefined criteria. Lastly, 'Normalized Heart Rate'
shows the heart rate data after normalization, a process essential for preparing the data for effective
analysis by the neural network models.

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 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
RESULTS

Figure 3: Accuracy values of LSTM and RNN

trained models.

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 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
RESULTS

Figure 4: Accuracy values of CNN and VAE

trained models.

19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College

 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
RESULTS

Fig 5: Testing valid inputs and showing the

result of those inputs.
19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College
 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
RESULTS

Fig 6: Testing in-valid inputs and showing the

result of those inputs.
19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College
 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
CONCLUSION
 In the contemporary landscape of data-driven systems, sensor reliability is a linchpin for
informed decision-making and system integrity.
 This project has tackled the pressing issue of sensor dependability by applying innovative
deep learning techniques. Our comprehensive approach, encompassing data collection,
preprocessing, model selection, and real-time implementation, aims to fortify the
trustworthiness of sensor-driven systems.
 Through rigorous experimentation and evaluation, we've uncovered the most efficient and
precise sensor fault detection method among various deep learning approaches.
 The methodology's real-world implementation holds the potential to revolutionize sensor-
enabled environments, offering robustness and transformative possibilities across industries.
 In conclusion, this work underscores the importance of data-driven solutions in
safeguarding sensor measurements' integrity and highlights deep learning's power to address
complex real-world challenges, envisioning a future where sensor-enabled systems can be
truly dependable and trustworthy.
19-03-2024 Seshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College
 Advancing Sensor Data Integrity with Deep Learning-Based Fault
Detection
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