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Object Oriented Programming

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MAHENDRA SOLANKI
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8 views24 pages

Object Oriented Programming

Uploaded by

MAHENDRA SOLANKI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object Oriented

Programming
Problem Description
“ …customers are allowed to have
different types of bank accounts,
deposit money, withdraw money
and transfer money between
accounts”
Procedural Approach
bool MakeDeposit(int accountNum,float amount);
float Withdraw(int accountNum,float amount);

struct Account {
char *name;
int accountNum;
float balance;
char accountType;
};
Procedural Approach
cont’d
Focus is on procedures
All data is shared: no protection
More difficult to modify
Hard to manage complexity
Procedural vs. Object-
Oriented
Procedural Object Oriented

Withdraw, deposit, transfer Customer, money, account


Mapping the world to
software
Objects in the problem domain are
mapped to objects in software

0110100
011101
010101
10011

1110101 11101

11010
10101
Object Oriented
Data and operations are grouped
together

Account Interface:

Withdraw Set of available operations


Deposit
Transfer
Data Encapsulation
class Account {
public:
float withdraw();
void deposit(float amount);
private:
float balance;
);
Advantages of
Encapsulation
Protection
Consistency
Allows change
Objects and Classes
Classes reflect concepts, objects
reflect instances that embody those
concepts.
object class girl

Jodie Daria Jane Brittany


Objects and Classes cont’d

A class captures the common


properties of the objects
instantiated from it
A class characterizes the common
behavior of all the objects that
are its instances
Objects and Classes cont’d
Class BankAccount Operations

Balance MakeDesposit

InterestYTD Transfer

Owner WithDraw

Account_number GetBalance

Balance 500 Balance 10,000


InterestYTD InterestYTD
Owner Owner
Account_number Account_number
Objects as instances of
Classes
The world conceptually consists of
objects
Many objects can be said to be of the
same type or class
 My bank account, your bank account, Bill
Gates’ bank account …
We call the object type a class
Instantiation
An Object is instantiated from a
Class
BankAccount myAccount;
myAccount = new BankAccount;
Objects and Classes
Class Object
 Visible in source  Own copy of data
code  Active in running
 The code is not program
duplicated  Occupies memory
 Has the set of
operations given
in the class
Classification

Animal

Mammal Reptile

Rodent Primate Cats

Mouse Squirel Rabbit


Classification

Enjoy a variety of personal banking options from First American. The following
outlines a number of First American products. If you have any questions, please
visit any First American Branch or contact us.

Checking
•Bank a lot without spending a lot: ValueFirst® Checking.
•Few checks and prefer PC Banking or ATMs: Select Access.
•Earn interest on checking dollars: First Interest Checking
•You are 55 years or better: 55 & Better Silver
•Premium checking features with higher interest rates than a personal checking account: First
American Platinum Checking
•Write less than 10 checks per month, or bank through an ATM: Budget Checking.
•Younger than 24 years old and in school: Student Checking
•Less than 20 transactions per month (excluding ATM, POS, and CheckCard): First Account
•Make the most out of every dollar: Tailored Money Sweep
Classification

Account

Checking Account Savings Account

Value First Select Access First Interest


Inheritance
A class which is a subtype of a
more general class is said to be
inherited from it.
The sub-class inherits the base
class’ data members and member
functions
Inheritance cont’d
A sub-class has all data members
of its base-class plus its own
A sub-class has all member
functions of its base class (with
changes) plus its own
Inheritance is meant to implement
sub-typing (don’t abuse it)
Abstraction
Management of complexity
Hierarchical classification:

is-a relationship: inheritance


has-a relationship: containment
Polymorphism
One interface
Multiple implementations
Inheritance
Method overloading
What is a good class ?
A class abstracts objects
A class should be non-trivial in the
context of the program (has data
structures and operations different
from other classes)
Summary
What is Object Oriented
Programming?
Object-oriented programming is a method
of implementation in which programs are
organized as cooperative collections of
objects, each of which represents an
instance of some class, and whose
classes are all members of one or more
hierarchy of classes united via inheritance
relationships

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