Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory

 What is server mean?

Servers is large system with higher processing speed ,
memory and hard disk capacity whose role in a network is
to provide services and resources to users over a local
network or the Internet.

In a large network environment, servers may have one or

more specific roles in a network, depending on the number
of users, volume of traffic, number of peripherals, and so on
Computer that functions as servers within a domain can have
one of two roles, Domain Controller or Member Server.
Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory
 What is the system requirement of 2008
Component Requirement
Processor • Minimum: 1 GHz (x86 processor) or 1.4 GHz (x64 processor)
• Recommended: 2 GHz or faster

Memory • Minimum: 512 MB RAM

• Recommended: 2 GB RAM or greater
• Maximum (32-bit systems): 4 GB (Standard) or 64 GB
(Enterprise and Datacenter)
• Maximum (64-bit systems): 32 GB (Standard) or 1 TB
(Enterprise and Datacenter) or 2 TB (Itanium-Based Systems)
Available Disk • Minimum: 10 GB
Space • Recommended: 40 GB or greater
Drive DVD-ROM drive
Display and • Super VGA (800 x 600) or higher-resolution monitor
Peripherals • USB Keyboard
• Microsoft Mouse or compatible pointing device
Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory

What is Active directory:-

is a directory service implemented by Microsoft for
Windows domain networks. It is included in most
Windows Server operating systems.
is a special-purpose database.
Enables a single administrator to centrally manage
resources
Enables administrators to easily locate information
Enables administrators to group objects into
organizational units
Uses Group Policy to specify policy-based settings
Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory

What are the objects of active directory :-

 Domains
 Organizational Units (OUs)
 Trees
 Forests
 Domain Controllers
 Sites
Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory

Domains
Core unit of logical structures
Can Stores millions of objects
A security boundary
Organizational Units (OUs)
Organizes objects within a domain into logical
administrative groups
when an OU is added within another OU (like a
subdirectory). This creates a hierarchical structure.
Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory s

Trees
 A group or hierarchy of domains created by adding child domain to a parent
Forests
 A group or hierarchy of independent domain trees
Forest functional level provides a way to enable forest-wide Active
Directory features
Sites
One or more connected IP subnets
Usually has the same performance boundaries
Contain only computer and connection objects
Domain Controllers
Authenticates users and maintains domain security policy
Stores a replica of the domain portion of Active Directory
Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory
User - Individual person
Group - Groups make user management easier or to give
permission .
Computer- (Those in the domain are automatically
available) - Specific workstations.
Shared folder - Used to share files and they map to server
shares.
Printer - used to print soft copy in to hard copy
Introduction to server 2008 and Active Directory
What is Global catalog in Active Directory and their parts and
function
About Domain Name System
What is Domain name system?

It’s translates Internet domain and host names to IP

addresses. DNS automatically converts the names we type in
our Web browser address bar to the IP addresses of Web
servers hosting those sites.

Is the way that Internet domain name are located and
translated into Internet Protocol addresses. A domain name
is a meaningful and easy-to-remember "handle" for an
Internet address.
 About Domain Name System

What is the used of DNS in server 2008?

 Domain Name System (DNS) is a system that is used in TCP/IP

networks for naming computers and network services that is organized
into a hierarchy of domains.
 DNS naming locates computers and services through user-friendly
names. When a user enters a DNS name in an application, DNS
services can resolve the name to other information that is associated
with the name, such as an IP address.
 Windows Server® 2008 provides a number of enhancements to the
DNS Server service that improve how DNS performs.
 About Domain Name System
What protocol is used in DNS ?
TCP(Transfer control protocol)
 It is a set of rules (protocol) used along with the Internet Protocol
(IP) to send data in the form of message units between computers
over the Internet.
UDP(User Datagram protocol)
 It is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite.
 Using UDP, programs on networked computers can send short
messages sometimes known as datagrams (using Datagram Sockets)
to one another.
 it is sometimes called the Universal Datagram Protocol.
 About Domain Name System
What is forward lookup DNS?
Is using an Internet domain name to find an IP address.
is a DNS zone in which hostname to IP address relations
are stored. When a computer requests the IP address of a
specific hostname, the forward lookup zone is queried and
the result is returned.
A forward lookup zone will, when supplied with a domain
name (Example:- google.com), return the IP address for
the supplied domain. When you access Google, a DNS
server is looking in its forward lookup zone for the IP
address of the site, and then returning them to you.
 About Domain Name System
reveres lookup zone in DNS?
Reverse DNS lookup is using an Internet IP address to find a
domain name.
A reverse lookup zone does just the opposite. When a
computer requests the hostname of an IP address, the reverse
lookup zone is queried and the result is returned.
When you enter the address for a Web site at your browser
(the address is formally called the Uniform Resource
Locator, or URL, the address is transmitted to a near by
router which does a forward DNS lookup in a routing table
to locate the IP address.
 About File Server
What is file server?
 Is a server that provides access to files.
 It acts as a central file storage location that can be accessed by
multiple systems.
 It is a computer responsible for the central storage and management of
data files so that other computers on the same network can access the
files.
 Commonly found in enterprise settings, such as company networks,
but they are also used in schools, small organizations, and even home
networks.
 About File Server
What is the use of file server?
 Users to stores their data centrally on a server instead of on a
local system .
 Users have access to their data no matter where log on in the
network.
 One of the great benefit of having users store their data on a
central file server is the ability to do backups.
 About File Server
What types of permission we have ?
Permission are used to allow or deny users access to
resource.
There are two types of permission
 NTFS Permission
 Share permission
 About File Server
NTFS Permission
 Limits who can view and control files and folders on an NTFS
drive.
 The available NTFS permission are as follows:
Read
Read and Execute
List folder contents
Write
Modify
Full control
 About File Server
Read:-
A user or Group with read permission can clearly read the data.
It includes four underlying permissions of: Read data, Read attributes,
Read extended Attributes and Read permissions.
Read and Execute:-
 to run an executable file a user must have the read and execute
permission .
List folder contents:-
 a user can read the contents of a folder.
This permission is granted only to a folder and not a file.
 About File Server
Write:-
Can make changes to a file.
It doesn't include the ability to change permissions or delete
a file or folder.
Modify:-
It includes Read, Read and execute, list folder contents and
write.
It can delete a file or a folder, but can’t change the
permission .
Full control:-
It grants the ability to do anything and everything with a file
or folder
 About File Server
Share permission
It apply to anyone accessing the share over the Network .
Three permission are available with shares:-
Read
Change
Full control
 About File Server
READ:-
 Users can read the files in the share ,but they can’t make any
modification .
 Users copy the files to a local folder on their system and make change
to the copy.
CHANGE :-
 It can modify data with in the share and reading data , file can be
added and delete.
FULL CONTROL :-
 Allows a user to do any thing with a file or folder contained within a share .
 About File Server
What feature is added to file server in to 2008
FSRM (FILE SERVER RESOURCE MANAGER)
 It is a service of the File Services role in Windows Server
2008.
You can use FSRM to enhance your ability to MANAGE and
MONITOR storage activities on your file server.
The main capabilities of FSRM include:-
 Quotas Management
 File Screening Management
 Storage Reports Management
 About File Server
How to configure and use it
 open the “Server Manager”
 Click on “Add Role Services”. The “Add Role Services” wizard will start, as shown
below:
 Install File
Install start
1. create a folder in local disk D:
right click on the folder then click on share
then we get file sharing wizard and click
share
Click Done
 finally when the share icon display on the folder then we say
that share.
 About FTP and WEB server
FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP)
It is a standard network protocol used to transfer computer
files from one host to another host over a TCP-based
network, such as the Internet.
WHAT IS WEB SERVER?
What is WEB sr
It is a member server which helps as to manage and control
the file which is created by HTML, XHTML ASP language
with the given specific port Number 80 with the given
protocol (HTTP/HTTPS).