Welcome to our Classroom

ICT – CSS 10
Mrs. Arlene T. Villanueva
Learning Task 1.

Answer the following questions substantially

1 . What are the primary uses of computer?

2. How did computers change the lives of

people?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, learners are
expected to:
a. Define computer
b. Identify the different types and parts of
computer
c. Explain the basic components of a computer
d. Participate actively in the activity
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
 Different Types of
Computers

Based on the operational

principle of computers, they
are categorized as Analog,
Digital and Hybrid
computers.
Analog Computers: These are almost
extinct today. These are different from
a digital computer because an analog
computer can perform several
mathematical operations
simultaneously. It uses continuous
variables for mathematical operations
and utilizes mechanical or electrical
energy.
Digital Computers: They use digital circuits
and are designed to operate on two states,
namely bits 0 and 1. They are analogous to
states ON and OFF. Data on these computers is
represented as a series of 0s and 1s. Digital
computers are suitable for complex computation
and have higher processing speeds. They are
programmable. Digital computers are either
general purpose computers or special purpose
ones. Special purpose computers, as their name
suggests, are designed for specific types of data
processing while general purpose computers are meant for
general use.
Hybrid Computers: These
computers are a combination
of both digital and analog
computers. In this type of
computers, the digital
segments perform process
control by conversion of
analog signals to digital ones
Classification of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types
of computers based on their sizes and functionalities:
Mainframe Computers: Large
organizations use mainframes for
highly critical applications such as
bulk data processing and ERP.
Most of the mainframe computers
have the capacities to host
multiple operating systems and
operate as a number of virtual
machines and can substitute for
several small servers.
Minicomputers: In terms
of size and processing
capacity, minicomputers lie
in between mainframes and
microcomputers.
Minicomputers are also
called mid-range systems or
workstations. The term
began to be popularly used
in the 1960s to refer to
relatively smaller third
generation computers
Servers: They are computers
designed to provide services to
client machines in a computer
network. They have larger
storage capacities and powerful
processors. Running on them
are programs that serve client
requests and allocate resources
like memory and time to client
machines. Usually they are very
large in size, as they have large
processors and many hard
drives. They are designed to be
fail-safe and resistant to crash
Supercomputers: The highly
calculation-intensive tasks can
be effectively performed by
means of supercomputers.
Quantum physics, mechanics,
weather forecasting,
molecular theory are best
studied by means of
supercomputers. Their ability
of parallel processing and
their well-designed memory
hierarchy give the
supercomputers, large
transaction processing powers
Microcomputers: A computer with
a microprocessor and its central
processing unit it is known as a
microcomputer. They do not occupy
space as much as mainframes do.
When supplemented with a keyboard
and a mouse, microcomputers can
be called personal computers. A
monitor, a keyboard and other
similar input output devices,
computer memory in the form of
RAM and a power supply unit come
packaged in a microcomputer. These
computers can fit on desks or tables
and prove to be the best choice for
single-user tasks
Desktops: A desktop is
intended to be used on a
single location. The spare
parts of a desktop computer
are readily available at
relatively lower costs. Power
consumption is not as
critical as that in laptops.
Desktops are widely popular
for daily use in the
workplace and households
Laptops: Similar in
operation to desktops,
laptop computers are
miniaturized and
optimized for mobile
use. Laptops run on a
single battery or an
external adapter that
charges the computer
batteries
Netbooks: They fall in
the category of laptops,
but are inexpensive and
relatively smaller in size.
They had a smaller
feature set and lesser
capacities in comparison
to regular laptops, at the
time they came into the
market
Personal Digital
Assistants (PDAs): It is a
handheld computer and
popularly known as a
palmtop. It has a touch
screen and a memory card
for storage of data. PDAs
can also be used as portable
audio players, web browsers
and smart phones. Most of
them can access the
Internet by means of
Bluetooth or Wi-Fi
Tablet Computers:
Tablets are mobile
computers that are very
handy to use. They use
the touch screen
technology. Tablets
come with an onscreen
keyboard or use a stylus
or a digital pen. Apple's
iPod redefined the class
of tablet computers
Wearable Computers: A record-
setting step in the evolution of
computers was the creation of wearable
computers. These computers can be
worn on the body and are often used in
the study of behavior modeling and
human health. Military and health
professionals have incorporated
wearable computers into their daily
routine, as a part of such studies. When
the users' hands and sensory organs
are engaged in other activities,
wearable computers are of great help in
tracking human actions. Wearable
computers do not have to be turned on
and off and remain in operation without
REFLECTION:
Direction: Write your personal insights about the lesson using the prompts
below.

I understand that
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I realize that
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