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Numpy-and-Machine-Learning-in-Python (1)

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30 views

Numpy-and-Machine-Learning-in-Python (1)

report

Uploaded by

keshavankmca2025
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Numpy and Machine

Learning in Python
This presentation explores the crucial role of Numpy in the world of machine
learning, revealing its power and versatility in Python for data manipulation and
model building. We'll delve into core concepts, fundamental operations, and
practical examples of how Numpy empowers ML.

by M C Moksha nanda
What is Numpy?
Foundation for Data Science Efficiency and Performance

NumPy (Numerical Python) is a fundamental Python library that NumPy leverages optimized C libraries, making it significantly
provides powerful tools for numerical computations. At its core, faster than standard Python lists for numerical operations. This
NumPy introduces the concept of multi-dimensional arrays, efficiency is critical for machine learning, where complex
efficient data structures that form the bedrock of data computations on large datasets are essential.
manipulation and analysis in Python.
Numpy Arrays and
Fundamentals
Array Creation Array Indexing
NumPy arrays are created using the Elements in NumPy arrays are accessed
`np.array()` function. You can initialize using indexing, similar to lists. Multi-
them with lists, tuples, or ranges. The dimensional arrays are indexed using
`dtype` argument specifies the data multiple indices separated by commas.
type of the elements.

Array Slicing Array Attributes


Slicing allows you to extract subsets of NumPy arrays have useful attributes
arrays. It uses the colon operator (`:`). like `shape`, `dtype`, `size`, and
`[start:stop:step]` defines the range of `ndim` that provide information about
indices to be included in the slice. their dimensions, data type, and
number of elements.
Numpy Operations and
Manipulation

Arithmetic Operations Matrix Operations


Perform arithmetic operations on arrays Numpy allows for efficient matrix
like addition, subtraction, multiplication, operations like dot products,
and division, element-wise. transposition, and inversion.

Data Reshaping Aggregation Functions


You can reshape arrays using the Numpy offers functions like `sum()`,
`reshape()` function, changing their `mean()`, `max()`, `min()`, and `std()`
dimensions while preserving the data. to calculate various statistical measures.
Introduction to Machine Learning
Machine Learning
Machine learning is a branch of AI where systems learn from data to improve their performance on a
1
specific task without explicit programming.

Supervised Learning
2 The model learns from labeled data, where input features and corresponding output labels are
provided.

Unsupervised Learning
3 The model explores patterns and structures in unlabeled data to uncover insights and
group similar data points.

Reinforcement Learning
4 The model learns through trial and error, receiving rewards for good
decisions and penalties for bad ones.
Supervised Learning with Numpy
Linear Regression
1
Predicting a continuous target variable based on input features, finding the best-fit line through the data.

Logistic Regression
2
Classifying data into distinct categories, using a sigmoid function to predict probabilities.

Decision Trees
3 Building a tree-like structure where each node represents a feature, splitting the data
based on different thresholds.

Support Vector Machines


4 Finding the optimal hyperplane that separates different classes in the
data, maximizing the margin between them.
Unsupervised Learning with Numpy

1 2 3
Clustering Dimensionality Reduction Anomaly Detection
Grouping similar data points together based Reducing the number of features while Identifying unusual data points that deviate
on their features, uncovering hidden preserving as much information as possible, from the normal patterns, potentially
patterns in the data. simplifying the data for analysis. indicating errors or unusual events.
Numpy for Data
Preprocessing
Data Scaling
Transforming features to a common range, often between 0 and 1 or
-1 and 1, to improve model performance.

Data Normalization
Adjusting features to have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1,
making the features comparable.

One-Hot Encoding
Converting categorical features into numerical features,
representing each category as a separate binary column.
Integrating Numpy with Machine Learning
Libraries
Real-World Applications of Numpy in ML

Autonomous Driving Speech Recognition Financial Modeling


Numpy plays a crucial role in processing Numpy is essential for analyzing audio Numpy powers algorithms for predicting
sensor data, identifying objects, and making signals, extracting features, and converting stock prices, detecting market trends, and
driving decisions. speech into text. optimizing investment strategies.

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