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Operating System

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19 views

Operating System

Uploaded by

muhaiminul.muhurto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE OPERATING

SYSTEMS (OS)
Operating systems (OS)

• These “bring the computer to life”.


• They make the computer able to do useful
things.
• It enables the computer system to function
and allows users to communicate with the
computer system.
Functions of an operating system

Control of the operation of the input, output and backing


storage devices.
supervising the loading, running and storage of
applications programs
dealing with errors that occur in applications programs
maintaining security of the whole computer system
maintaining a computer log (which contains details of
computer usage)
allowing communication between user and the computer
system (user interface).
User interfaces
Computer users need to be able to
communicate with the operating system – this is
called the ‘user interface’.
There are two main types of user interfaces:
a) command line interfaces (CLIs)
b)graphical user interfaces (GUIs).
Command line interface
(CLI)
• require a user to type in instructions in order to
choose options from menus, open software and so
on.
CLI
• There are often a number of commands that need
to be typed in, for example, to save or load a file.
• The user therefore has to learn a number of
commands just to carry out basic operations.
• It is also slow having to key in these commands
every time an operation has to be carried out.
• However, the advantage of CLI is that the user is in
direct communication with the computer and is not
restricted to a number of pre-determined options.
CLI
The statement below shows the CLI code required for importing data into a table
called B.

1. SQLPrepare(hStmt,
2. ? (SQLCHAR *) "INSERT INTO tableB SELECT * FROM tableA",
3. ? SQL_NTS):
4. ? SQLExecute(hStmt);

The above statements show how complex it is just to carry out a fairly
straightforward operation using CLI.
Graphical User
Interfaces (GUI)
• GUIs allow the user to interact with a computer (or MP3
player, gaming device, mobile phone, etc.) using
pictures or symbols (icons) rather than having to type in
a number of commands.
• For example, the whole of the CLI code shown above
could have been replaced by a single icon: (table
update)
GUI
GUI
• GUIs use various technologies and devices to provide the
user interface. One of the most common is windows
icons menu and pointing device (WIMP) which was
developed for use on personal computers (PCs).
• This uses a mouse to control a cursor, which then selects
icons to open/run windows.
• Each window contains an application and modern
computer systems allow several windows to be open at
the same time.
GUI
• In recent years, devices such as
touch screen phones use post-
WIMP interaction, where fingers are
in contact with the screen.
• This allows actions such as
pinching and rotating, which would
be difficult to do using a single
pointer and device such as a
mouse.
Differences between CLI
Interface Advantages
& GUI Disadvantages

CLI • The user is in direct communication with the • The user needs to learn a number of commands to
computer. carry out basic operations.
• The user is not restricted to a number of • All commands need to be typed in, which takes time
predetermined options. and can be error-prone.
• It is possible to alter computer configuration • Each command must be typed in using the correct
settings. format, spelling and so on.
• It is more difficult to edit once commands are
entered.

GUI • The user doesn’t need to learn any commands. • It uses up considerably more computer memory than
• It is more user friendly; icons are used to represent CLI.
applications. • The user is limited to the icons provided on the
• Its easier to use a pointing device e.g. a mouse than screen.
typing commands. • It needs an operating system, e.g. Windows which
uses up more space.

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