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Computer-Hardware-Understanding-the-Fundamentals[1]

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2 views

Computer-Hardware-Understanding-the-Fundamentals[1]

Uploaded by

haroshdilshan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Hardware:

Understanding the
Fundamentals
This presentation explores the fundamental components of
computer hardware, providing a comprehensive understanding of
their roles, interactions, and significance in modern computing.

by Dinuka
Introduction to Computer Components
Central Memory (RAM) Storage Devices Input and Output
Processing Unit Devices
(CPU) Temporary storage for Permanent storage for
The brain of the active programs and data, operating systems, Allow users to interact
computer, responsible data, ensuring quick and applications, with the computer,
for executing instructions access and processing. enabling long-term data providing input and
and performing retention. receiving output.
calculations.
Processor (CPU): The
Brain of the Computer
1 Execution Unit 2 Control Unit
Carries out instructions Manages the flow of
fetched from memory, instructions and data
performing calculations between the CPU and
and operations. other components.

3 Cache Memory 4 Clock Speed


Small, fast memory for Determines the number
frequently accessed data, of instructions a CPU can
speeding up processing. process per second,
influencing overall
performance.
Memory (RAM):
Temporary Data
Storage
Volatile Memory Random Access
Data is lost when the power Data can be accessed in any
is turned off, making it order, enabling quick
temporary storage. retrieval for processing.

Types of RAM Impact on Performance


DDR4 and DDR5 are the Faster RAM speeds up data
most common types, access, improving overall
offering different speeds system responsiveness.
and capacities.
Storage Devices: Permanent
Data Storage

Hard Disk Drives (HDDs)


Traditional storage devices using spinning platters and a read/write head, offering high
storage capacity at a lower cost.

Solid-State Drives (SSDs)


Modern storage devices using flash memory, providing faster data access and
increased durability.

Cloud Storage
Data is stored on remote servers accessible over the internet, offering flexibility and scalability.
Input Devices: Enabling User
Interaction
1 Keyboard
The primary input device for text entry, allowing users to type characters
and commands.

2 Mouse
A pointing device for cursor control, enabling navigation and selecting
items on the screen.

3 Touchscreen
A display that allows users to interact directly with the screen using
touch gestures.

4 Webcam
A camera for video recording and capturing images, enabling video calls
and facial recognition.
Output Devices:
Displaying Information
Monitor
The primary output device, displaying visual information
in the form of text, graphics, and videos.

Printer
A device that produces hard copies of documents and
images on paper.

Speakers
Output audio signals, allowing users to hear sound
effects, music, and voice communication.
Motherboard: The Backbone of the System

Central Hub
1 Connects all the computer components together, enabling communication and data transfer.

Chipset
2
Manages communication between the CPU, RAM, and other peripherals.

Expansion Slots
3 Allow for adding additional components, such as graphics cards or
sound cards.

I/O Ports
4 Provide connections for peripherals like keyboards, mice, and
monitors.
Cooling Systems: Maintaining Optimal
Performance
Heat Sink
1
A metal component that draws heat away from the CPU, preventing overheating.

Fan
2
Circulates air over the heat sink, dissipating heat and keeping the CPU cool.

Liquid Cooling
3 Uses a liquid coolant to transfer heat away from the
CPU, providing more efficient cooling.
Emerging Trends in Computer Hardware

1 2 3
AI Acceleration Quantum Computing Edge Computing
Hardware specifically designed for Exploiting quantum mechanics to Processing data closer to the source,
artificial intelligence tasks, solve complex problems, potentially reducing latency and improving real-
increasing computational power for revolutionizing various industries. time data analysis.
AI applications.

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