GO O D

O N N
M R I G
CHECKING OF
ATTENDANCE
Note: Energizer.
1.Which of the following gives an
information about where an electron
maybe found?
a.Atomic mass Variable
compositi

b.Quantum number
on

c.Coefficient numbers
d.Atomic weight
1.Which of the following gives an information
about where an electron maybe found?
a.Atomic mass
b.Quantum numberVariable
compositi
c.Coefficient numbers
on

d.Atomic weight
2. What does the quantum number n
represent?
a.It describes the orbital shape.
b.It specifies the main
Variable
energy level occupied
by the electron. compositi
on

c.It refers to the number of electrons in an

orbital.
2. What does the quantum number n
represent?
a.It describes the orbital shape.
b.It specifies the main
Variable
energy level occupied
by the electron. compositi
on

c.It refers to the number of electrons in an

orbital.
3. What is the azimuthal quantum number
for an electron in the f orbital?
a.0
b.1 Variable

c.2 compositi
on

d.3
3. What is the azimuthal quantum number
for an electron in the f orbital?
a.0
b.1 Variable

c.2 compositi
on

d.3
Things to ponder

“Small beginnings
matter”
Things to ponder

“Small beginnings
comes great
things”
Quantum
Numbers
Fact sheets!
Group 3
Group 1.
 Magnetic Quantum Number (m l ) The magnetic
 Principal Quantum Number (n) The principal
quantum number (m l ) indicates the specific
quantum number (n) can have integral values of
orbital within the sublevel where the electron is
1,2, 3 and so forth. This refers also the main
found. It can have the values of -l to +l. It also
energy level of an orbital.
gives the number of orbitals in a sublevel and
the spatial orientation of these orbitals. For
example, in the first principal energy level (n=1),
l can only have a value of zero, which
corresponds to an s subshell. The magnetic
quantum number can thus have only one value,
Group 2 m l=0, indicating that there is only one s orbital.
 Azimuthal Quantum Number (l) The azimuthal The second principal energy level (n=2, l can
quantum number (l) specifies the sublevel (or have the values of 0 and 1. This means that in
subshell) within a particular principal energy level. this energy there are s and p subshells. Unlike
It can have the values of 0 to n-1. The azimuthal the s subshell, the p subshell can have the
quantum number represents the kind of shape of magnetic quantum number values of -1,0, +1,
the orbital (s, p, d, or f) that is being occupied by which corresponds to the three p orbitals.
an electron.
 TTC- Things to
consider!
Leader/critique One who leads the group
Secretary One who writes the answers of the
group
Reporter One who reports the output to the
class
Timekeeper/observer One who monitors the time
Members Will cooperate and participate in
constructing ideas
 TTC- Things to
consider!
Criteria 3 2 1
Promptness The group who The group who The group who finished
finished the activity finished the activity 3 the activity more than 5
on or before the minutes after the minutes the given time.
given time. given time.

Cooperatio All the members 1 member did not More than 1 member did
n actively participated actively participate. not actively participate.
in performing the
activity.

Accuracy All the answers are One answer is not More than one answers
correct. correct. are not correct.
Lesson Objectives

K- Explain the quantum numbers, electron

configuration, and orbital diagrams;
S- Identify quantum numbers;
A- Appreciate the value of atoms through a
reflection journal while relating it to a life
experiences.
 Early Atomic Experiments and Models

Werner Heisenberg
Uncertainty Principle
Studied Uncertainty Principle

Werner
Heisenberg
Uncertainty
Principle
 Early Atomic Experiments and Models

Werner Heisenberg
Uncertainty Principle
Studied Uncertainty Principle

Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle states that it is not possible to

Werner give the exact position of an electron and its energy at the same
Heisenberg time. Therefore, as we learn more about the electron's position, we
Uncertainty know less about its energy, and vice versa.
Principle
 Early Atomic Experiments and Models

Erwin Schrödinger quantum mechanical model

Erwin Schrödinger, an Austrian physicist, took the Bohr atom model one
Erwin
step further. He used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood
Schrödinger, of finding an electron in a certain position. This atomic model is known
an Austrian as the quantum mechanical model of the atom.
physicist
 Early Atomic Experiments and Models

Erwin Schrödinger quantum mechanical model

Unlike the Bohr model, the quantum mechanical model does not define the
exact path of an electron, but rather, predicts the odds of the location of
Erwin the electron. These regions of probability around the nucleus is called
Schrödinger, orbital. The quantum mechanical model of the atom can be portrayed as a
nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud. Where the cloud is most dense,
an Austrian
the probability of finding the electron is greatest, and conversely, the
physicist electron is less likely to be in a less dense area of the cloud. Thus, this
model introduced the concept of sub-energy levels.
 Early Atomic Experiments and Models

Erwin
Schrödinger,
an Austrian
physicist
What are the four types quantum numbers?

1 2 3 4

Principal Azimuthal Magnetic Spin

Quantum Quantum Quantum Quantum
number number number number
(n) (l) (nl) (ms)
Principal Quantum Number

The principal quantum number (n) can have

integral values of 1,2, 3 and so forth. This refers
alsothe main energy level of an
orbital. It is related to the total energy of the
electron in an atom and can have the value of any
positive integer beginning with 1.
 Azimuthal Quantum Number

The azimuthal quantum number (l ) specifies the sublevel (or subshell)

within a particular principal energy level. It can have the values of 0 to n-1. The azimuthal
quantum number represents the kind of shape of the orbital (s, p, d, or f ) that is being
occupied by an electron.
 Azimuthal Quantum Number

The azimuthal quantum

number also defines the
shape of the orbital.
Thus: if l = 0, the orbital
is spherical in shape; if l
= 1, the orbital is
dumbbell-shaped or
polar (p); and so on. The
table below lists the type
of sublevel and orbital
shape/s for each value
of l
Magnetic Quantum Number

The magnetic quantum

number (m l ) indicates the
specific orbital within the
sublevel where the electron
is found. It can have the
values of -l to +l. It also gives
the number of orbitals in a
sublevel and the spatial
orientation of these orbitals.
For example:

For example, in the first principal energy level (n=1), l can only
have a value of zero, which corresponds to an s subshell. The
magnetic quantum number can thus have only one value, m
l=0, indicating that there is only one s orbital. The second
principal energy level (n=2, l can have the values of 0 and 1.
This means that in this energy there are s and p subshells.
Unlike the s subshell, the p subshell can have the magnetic
quantum number values of -1,0, +1, which corresponds to the
three p orbitals.
Magnetic Quantum Number
 Spin Quantum Number

According to the Pauli exclusion principle, only a maximum of

two electrons can occupy an orbital, and they must have opposite spins to
minimize repulsion between them. This principle is observed through the
spin quantum number, which can only have values of +1/2 or - 1/2 for
each electron. This quantum number describes the intrinsic spin of the
electron in the orbital
Spin Quantum Number
 Remember!
• Quantum numbers gives information about the atomic orbital where an electron may be found.
• All electrons have four quantum numbers which describe the location of electrons in the electron
cloud of an atom and can be used to determine the electron configuration of an atom.
• Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom suggests that the electron orbits the nucleus like our solar
system.
• Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle states that we cannot accurately measure an electron's
momentum and position at the same time. The position of the electron gets less certain as the
electron's momentum becomes more certain, and vice versa
• The principal quantum number (n) describes the size of the orbital where the electron resides. The
azimuthal or angular quantum number (l) describes the shape of the orbital. The magnetic quantum
number (ml) defines the orientation of the orbital in space and the electron spin number (ms) defines
the direction that the electron spins on its axis
Let us try!
 SHORT QUIZ

1.Who proposed the quantum mechanical model of the

atom which treat electrons as matter waves?
a. Erwin Schrodinger
b.Friedrich Hund
c. Niels Bohr
d.Werner Karl Heisenberg
 SHORT QUIZ

2. How many types quantum numbers are

there?
a.2
b.4
c.6
d.8
 SHORT QUIZ

3. Which of the following symbolizes the

spin of an electron?
a.ℓ
b.mℓ
c.ms
d.n
 SHORT QUIZ

4. What does the quantum mechanical

model describe electrons? Electrons are
like?
a.Waves
b.Small particle
c.Hard waves
d.Particles with wave-like properties
 SHORT QUIZ

1.Which of the following combinations is

allowed?
a.n=2, ℓ =1, ml= -1, ms= +1/
b.n=1, ℓ =1, ml= +1, ms= -1/2
c.n=3, ℓ =1, ml=-3, ms= -1/2
d.None of the choices
 Assignment!

List 5 importance of the four

quantum numbers in understanding
the characteristics of electrons in an
atom.
 Acknowledgeme
nt
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