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Session 1.8 - 1.9 Abstract - Class - in - Java

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27 views13 pages

Session 1.8 - 1.9 Abstract - Class - in - Java

Uploaded by

Dhanush Karthik Manogaran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Abstract class in Java

Abstract Class

• A class that is declared with abstract keyword, is known as abstract


class in java. It can have abstract and non-abstract methods (method
with body).
• Before learning java abstract class, let's understand the abstraction in
java first.
Abstraction in Java

• Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation details and


showing only functionality to the user.
• Another way, it shows only important things to the user and hides the
internal details for example sending sms, you just type the text and
send the message. You don't know the internal processing about the
message delivery.
• Abstraction lets you focus on what the object does instead of how it
does it.
Ways to achieve Abstraction

• There are two ways to achieve abstraction in java


• Abstract class (0 to 100%)
• Interface (100%)
Abstract class in Java

• A class that is declared as abstract is known as abstract class. It needs


to be extended and its method implemented. It cannot be instantiated.
• Example of abstract class
o abstract class A{}
Abstract Method

• A method that is declared as abstract and does not have


implementation is known as abstract method.
• Example of abstract method
o abstract void printStatus();//no body and abstract
Example of abstract class that has abstract method

abstract class Bike{ Bike obj = new Honda4();


abstract void run(); obj.run();
} }
class Honda4 extends Bike{ }
void run()
{System.out.println("running Output
safely..");} running safely..
public static void main(Stri
ng args[]){
Example 2:TestBank.java
class TestBank{
abstract class Bank{
public static void main(String arg
abstract int getRateOfInterest(); s[]){
Bank b;
} b=new SBI();
class SBI extends Bank{ System.out.println("Rate of Interes
int getRateOfInterest() t is: "+b.getRateOfInterest()
{return 7;} +" %");
b=new PNB();
}
System.out.println("Rate of Interes
class PNB extends Bank{ t is: "+b.getRateOfInterest()
int getRateOfInterest() +" %");
Output
{return 8;} Rate of Interest is: }}
7%
} Rate of Interest is: 8 %
Abstract class

Abstract class have constructor, data member, methods etc.


An abstract class can have data member, abstract method, method body,
constructor and even main() method.
TestAbstraction2.java
class Honda extends Bike{
//example of abstract class that void run()
have method body {System.out.println("running saf
abstract class Bike ely..");}
{ }
Bike() class TestAbstraction2{
{System.out.println("bike is creat public static void main(String
ed");} args[]) {
abstract void run(); Bike obj = new Honda();
void changeGear() obj.run();
{ obj.changeGear(); }
System.out.println("gear changed
output}
"); } bike is created
} running safely..
gear changed
RULES

• Rule: If there is any abstract method in a class, that class must be


abstract.
class Bike12
{
abstract void run();
}
• Rule: If you are extending any abstract class that have abstract
method, you must either provide the implementation of the
method or make this class abstract.
Questions

1. Can abstract class have constructors in Java?


2. Can abstract class implements interface in Java?
3. does they require to implement all methods?
Can abstract class be final in Java?
4. What will happen if we define a concrete method in an
interface?
5. What will happen if we not initialize variables in an interface
6. Can we create object for an interface?

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