WELCO

ME
 VIDHYAVARDHINI INSTITUDE OF
TECHNOLOGY. PAL
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC’S & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
 Footstep based power generation using
Piezoelectric Sensor

Project Submitted By :

Sr. No. Students Name Enrollment No.

1. Shravani Mahadev Sutar 2212070318

2. Diksha Tukaram Patil 2212070307

3. Namrata Baburao Sutar 2112070168

4. Omkar Dhanaji Pawar 2212070312

 Index

Sr. no. Title Page no.

1 History 1

2 Current scenario 2

3 Proposed system 3

4 Block diagram 4

5 Circuit diagram 5

6 Working 6&7

7 Advantages 8

8 Disadvantages 9

9 Applications 10

10 Limitations 11

11 Hardware requirement 12

12 Software requirement 13
Hardware requirement

 Piezoelectric sensors

 voltage boosters

 voltage regulator

 Arduino microcontroller

 Battery

 LCD display

 LDR

 a socket for mobile charging and Battery charging.

Page No.: 3
History

1.Emergence of Piezoelectricity: The concept of using piezoelectric materials to generate electricity from
mechanical pressure has been around for over a century. However, it gained momentum in the early 21st
century as researchers started exploring its practical applications beyond traditional uses in sensors and
transducers.
2.Initial Experimentation: The early experiments with piezoelectric energy generation from footsteps
were conducted in academic settings and research laboratories. Researchers began by developing
prototypes and testing the feasibility of harnessing energy from human movement.
3.Real World Applications: As the technology matured, it started to find applications in real world
scenarios. Innovators and engineers began to implement piezoelectric flooring and walkways in public
places, such as airports, train stations, and malls, to capture energy from people walking over these surfaces.
4.Sustainable Energy Generation: The project gained significance in the context of sustainable energy
generation. It was seen as way to harness energy from a readily available source (foot traffic) without
relying on fossil fuels, making it an attractive option for reducing carbon emissions.
5.Ongoing Research and Improvements: Research and development in food step power generation using
piezoelectric sensors continue to this day. Scientists and engineers are working on improving the efficiency,
durability, and cost effectiveness of these systems to make them more viable for widespread adoption and to
contribute to the global transition to cleaner energy sources.

Page No.: 4
Current Scenario

Cell phones, diesel fuel injectors, grill igniters, ultrasonic transducers, acoustic guitar pickups,
vibration sensors, certain printers, and musical greeting cards etc. utilizes piezoelectricity.

The additional development of manmade piezo materials which includes piezoelectric ceramics.

In the future, piezoelectric sensors could be used to monitor machinery, detect structural defects
in buildings, monitor livestock, and be attached to smart appliances such as washing machines,
refrigerators, and ovens to monitor their performance and provide alerts when there is a need for
maintenance.

Page No.: 4
 Proposed System

A substitute strategy for the generation of power is finished by utilizing a piezo plate.
Proposal of the utilization of waste energy of foot power with human locomotion is very
much relevant and important for highly populated countries like India and China.

In this, the generated voltage is not wasted even though we don’t consume it as we use the
battery to store it.

Also, with the help of a battery which is used as a storage device helps to utilize the power
for charging, lighting the streetlights, etc. Also in this system, we can come to know how
much power is generated
Proposed system

Page No.: 5
Block Diagram

Page No.: 6
Circuit diagram

Page No.: 7
 Working

When an electric current is being sent through an electromagnet, a magnetic field is generated around it,
that's how relays work. The diagram above depicts how the relay works. The copper coil and iron core
operate as electromagnets in relays.
When a direct current is delivered through the coil, the connections attract each other, as indicated. This
is used to activate the relay. It will return to its original when the power is switched off. This is known to
it as the relay's power.
For some relays, the contact closes first and then opens when the relay is activated. This is direct across
from the relay. A detector element in solid-state relays senses the input voltage and utilizes it to control
the relay. It uses piezoelectric sensors.

Page No.: 8
To generate a maximum output voltage from footstep the piezo sensors are mounted below the
platform. The circuit is the microcontroller-based monitoring circuit that allows users to
monitor the charges and voltage of a connected battery.
The energy from the sensors is stored by using the battery, and it is helpful to charge the
mobile. The main controlling part of the whole system is the Atmega328 Microcontroller. The
current is distributed using (radio-frequency Identification) RFID cards.
When the force is applied on the sensors, the amount of power generated from the sensors is
showed on LCD and the pressure applied is converted into voltage form and stored in battery.
When a user swipes his/ her card, the RFID reader reads the card. If it is a valid one, it will
display as LOAD ON, on the display of LCD and charge for a speculated period, else it displays as
INVALID USER on LCD.

Page No.: 9
PIEZOELECTRIC PRINCIPLE :
A PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER IS MADE UP OF SPECIAL KIND OF MATERIAL, IT IS MADE
UP OF PIEZOELECTRIC. THIS MATERIAL HAS A SPECIALTY THAT IF THE MATERIAL IS
SUBJECTED TO PRESSURE, IT PRODUCES AN EMF THIS EMF CAN BE MEASURED TO FIND
OUT THE APPLIED PRESSURE.

ELEMENTS THAT EXHIBIT PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES ARE CALLED ELECTRO-RESISTIVE

ELEMENTS. PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS ARE DIVIDED INTO TWO CATEGORIES THEY ARE
THE NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC GROUPS.

THE NATURAL GROUP CONSISTS OF QUARTZ AND ROCHELLE SALT, WHILE THE SYNTHETIC
GROUP CONSISTS OF LITHIUM SULPHATE, AND ETHYLENE DIAMINE TARTARATE.

THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THIS TRANSDUCER CAN BE EXPLAINED AS WHEN A FORCE IS

APPLIED ON THE QUARTZ CRYSTAL AN ELECTRIC CHARGE WILL BE PRODUCED ON THE
CRYSTAL SURFACE AND THE CHARGE THUS PRODUCED CAN BE CALLED PIEZOELECTRICITY.
THE CHARGE PRODUCED WILL BE PROPORTIONAL TO THE APPLIED PRESSURE.

Page No.: 10
• Connection Of Peizosensors
• A Study Was Done Regarding The Arrangement
Of Peizosensors. Initially They Were Connected
In Series Arrangement That Would Produce A
Voltage But The Current Requirement Is Less,
• So Combination Of Series And Parallel Was Done
By Connecting All The Sensors Parallel To Each
Other And Connecting All The Sensors In Series .
• The Figure Below Shows The Correct Peizo
Arrangement Done. By Placing Them On A
Wooden Plywood A Nd Arranging All The Sensors
In A 3x3 Combination. This Combination Would
Generate A Min Voltage Of 1.5 V And Maximum
Goes From The Range Of 5-6v .
• The Required Voltage And Current Were
Obtained By This Combination.

Page No.: 11
Advantages

 Power generation is simply walking on step

 No need fuel input

 There is a nonconventional system

 No moving part along service life

 Compact yet highly sensitivity

 Self generating no external power requirement

Page No.: 12
Disadvantages

 Only applicable for the particular place

 Initial cost of the arrangement is high

 Output affected by temperature variations

 Crystal is prone to crack if overstressed

Page No.:14
Application

Helps in renewable energy generation.

Just take a step to generate electricity.

It is an authentic and genuine device.

No fuel is required in this hence it is eco-friendly.

It is a self-producing device using our footsteps.

Efficient and low-cost design.

This is a Nonconventional system.

Easy to operate.

Page No.: 15
Limitations

 Low power density

 Dependence on mechanical input

 Limited frequency range

 Durability

 Energy storage challenges

 Environmental variability

 Complexity of integration

 Limited power output

 Cost

 Sensitivity to temperature

Page No.: 16
 Software requirement
Arduino IDE
 Open-source software platform specifically designed for programming Arduino boards.
 It provides a user-friendly interface for writing, compiling, and uploading code to Arduino boards.
 It includes a text editor, compiler, debugging tools, and libraries for various functionalities.
 Project utilizes an Arduino board to manage the collected energy from the piezoelectric sensors.
 Arduino IDE, used to write the code that instructs the Arduino board how to process and utilize the captured
energy.
This code likely controls tasks like:
 Reading data from the sensors
 Boosting the voltage using the SL9001 DC-DC booster
 Managing battery storage
 Interacting with RFID tags for user identification and charging control
 Communicating with other components based on your specific applications (streetlights, EV charging)

Page No.: 17
Conclusion

The footstep-based power generation system using piezoelectric sensors proved

feasible for converting mechanical energy into electricity.

Scalability and diverse applications were evident, but challenges include variations in
footstep pressure and sensor durability.

This technology offers an environmentally friendly, renewable energy source, with

the need for further research and development to address its full potential.

Page No.: 18
Thank
You…