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XSL & XSLT

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Dewang Sharma
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22 views20 pages

XSL & XSLT

Uploaded by

Dewang Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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XSL

XSL
• XSL - Extensible stylesheet language
• style sheets for XML documents
• XSL describes how the XML document should be displayed
• XSL consists of four parts:
– XSLT - a language for transforming XML documents
– XPath - a language for navigating in XML documents
– XSL- FO - a language for formatting XML documents
– XQuery - a language for querying XML documents
XSLT
XSLT
XSLT
• With XSLT we can,
– add/remove elements and attributes to or
from the output file

– rearrange and sort elements

– perform tests and make decisions about


which elements to hide and display
XSLT Declaration
• The root element that declares the
document to be an XSL style sheet is:
<xsl:stylesheet> or <xsl:transform>

– <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

– <xsl:transform version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
XSLT
• Steps

– Create XML file


(filename.xml)

– Create XSL file


(filename.xsl)

– Link XSL file to XML


document
cdcatalog.xml
We want to transform the following XML document ("cdcatalog.xml") into XHTML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


<catalog>
<cd>
<title>Empire Burlesque</title>
<artist>Bob Dylan</artist>
<country>USA</country>
<company>Columbia</company>
<price>10.90</price>
<year>1985</year>
</cd>
.
.
</catalog>
cdcatalog.xsl
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<body>
<h2>My CD Collection</h2>
<table border="1">
<tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
<th>Title</th>
<th>Artist</th>
</tr>
<xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Link the XSL Style Sheet to the XML Document
• Add the XSL style sheet reference to your XML document ("cdcatalog.xml"):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="cdcatalog.xsl"?>
<catalog>
<cd>
<title>Empire Burlesque</title>
<artist>Bob Dylan</artist>
<country>USA</country>
<company>Columbia</company>
<price>10.90</price>
<year>1985</year>
</cd>
.
.
</catalog>
XSLT
• <xsl:template>
– An XSL style sheet consists of one or more set of rules that
are called templates
– A template contains rules to apply when a specified
node is matched
– <xsl:template> element is used to build templates
– The match attribute is used to associate a template with an
XML element and to define a template for the entire XML
document
– The value of the match attribute is an XPath expression
(i.e. match="/" defines the whole document).
XSLT
• Example:- cdcatalog.xsl

• XSL style sheet is an XML document, it always begins with the XML
declaration: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>.
• The next element, <xsl:stylesheet>, defines that this document is an
XSLT style sheet document (along with the version number and XSLT
namespace attributes).
• The <xsl:template> element defines a template. The match="/"
attribute associates the template with the root of the XML source
document.
• The content inside the <xsl:template> element defines some HTML to
write to the output.
• The last two lines define the end of the template and the end of the
style sheet
XSLT
• <xsl:value-of>

– The <xsl:value-of> element is used to


extract the value of a selected node.

– Example
• <xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/title"/>
• <xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/artist"/>
XSLT
• <xsl:for-each> Element
- <xsl:for-each> element can be used to select every XML element of a
specified node-set

- Example:
<xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<xsl:value-of select="title"/>
</xsl:for-each>

Filtering the Output


• We can also filter the output from the XML file by adding a criterion to the select
attribute in the <xsl:for-each> element.
<xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd[artist='Bob Dylan']">
• Legal filter operators are:
= (equal)
!= (not equal)
&lt; less than
&gt; greater than
XSLT
• <xsl:sort>
– <xsl:sort> element is used to sort the output
– To sort the output, simply add an <xsl:sort>
element inside the <xsl:for-each> element in
the XSL file:
– Example
<xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<xsl:sort select="artist"/>
<xsl:value-of select="title"/>
</xsl:for-each>
• <xsl:if>
XSLT
– <xsl:if> element is used to put a conditional test
– <xsl:if test="expression">
……..
……..
</xsl:if>
– Example
<xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
<xsl:if test="price &gt; 10">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="price"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:if>
</xsl:for-each>
XSLT
• <xsl:choose>
– <xsl:choose> element is used to express
multiple conditional tests <xsl:when> and
<xsl:otherwise>
– <xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="expression">
.....
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
.....
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
XSLT
• <xsl:choose>
• Example
<xsl:choose>
<xsl:when test="price &gt; 10">
<td bgcolor="#ff00ff">
<xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
</xsl:when>
<xsl:otherwise>
<td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
</xsl:otherwise>
</xsl:choose>
XSLT
• <xsl:apply-templates>

– <xsl:apply-templates> element applies a


template to the current element or to the
current element's child nodes.

– Adding a select attribute to the <xsl:apply-


templates> element will process only the
child element that matches the value of the
attribute.
XSLT
• <xsl:copy> and <xsl:copy-of>
<xsl:template match=“OL”>
<xsl:copy-of select=“.” />
<!-- this will copy the OL tag and all of its
subelements -->
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match=“OL”>
<xsl:copy />
<!-- this will copy the OL tag but leave all of its
subelements out -->
</xsl:template>

<xsl:copy-of …> expects a select=“expression”


argument, and copies the result of expression.

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