Existing control measures are adequate If not, Use of personal protective equipment -These type of control rely heavily
on human behaviors
Key Questions for Risk Assessment
y
y y
Is there a source of harm? Who or what could be harmed? How could harm occurred?
Determination of Risk.
y Weightaging for risk (Rating) y Quantitative risk (Rating)
. Risk of hazards activities is multiplication of weightages of F,L,S = F x L x S =R Frequency of exposure to hazards (F). Likelihood of occurring of hazards (L) Severity of consequences (S)
Frequency of exposure to hazards (F). Degree of Exposure How long? How often? S. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Frequency of exposure to hazards Never Hardly ever Often Very often Continuously Assumed Weightage/ Factor 0 1 2 3 4
Likelihood of occurring of hazards (L) What is the likelihood of the hazard leading to an incident and possibly injury/damage?
S No 1. 2. 3. 4. Likelihood of occurring of hazards (L) Extremely unlikely Unlikely Likely Extremely likely Certain Period Weightage /Factor 1 2 3 4 5
> month <month > week <week >day <day Always
Severity of consequences (S) What are the consequences if the hazard results in an injury or damage?
S. No Severity of Consequences Weight age/ Factor 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. No harm Minor injury (first aid) Injury (1-3 days off work) Injury (3 days or 10 days) Injury for >10days / Fatal 0 1 3 4 5
Risk of hazards activities is multiplication of weightages of F,L,S = F x L x S =R (Risk Rating)
Quantitative risk rating ( R ) Depends upon quantity of multiplication weightage of F x Lx S Risk Rating
Risk rating (R) 0-20 21-40 41-60 Risk level Action Trivial Slight harmful Harmful No action required Some action is required Control measures warranted (Minor injury, may require absence from work <48 hours. Reportable) Control measures vital (Major injuries and temporary disablement reportable)
61-80
Very harmful
81-100
Extremely Extreme control required harmful (Fatal, permanent disablement, major incidence involving a large number of people).
Declaration of Significance Hazardous Activities:When risk rating of activities is equal or more then 25 should be declared as significant hazardous activities.
Qualitative risk rating or Legal concerned activities Organization activities, which are being covered by applicable statutory / regulatory directives (Act, rule, regulation, etc.) called legal concerned activity. These activities Consider as significance hazardous activities.
Control Measure
y Develop the control measure for
prevention of risk. y List out the all possible control measures y Assess the control measure. y Implement y Review
RISK ASSESSMENT YES
Identify Hazard Estimate Risk Assess Acceptabilit y Practicable Control Measure Implement
Review
Develop Control Measures
NO
FORMAT FOR IDENTIFICATION OF OHS HAZARDS & RISKS, THEIR ANALYSIS AND PRIORITAIZATION
Activity
Hazards
N/ A/E
D/ I
LC YES or NO
Risk (R) R= F X L X S
Significant Yes or not Y/ N
Control Measure
Abbreviations: Normal conditions - (N) Emergency conditions (E) Indirect control - (I) Likelihood of harm - (L) Legal Concern- LC
Abnormal conditions - (A) Direct control - (D) Frequency of exposure to risk - (F) Severity of consequences - (S)
Activity
Hazards
N/A/ E
D/ I
LC YE S or NO
Risk (R) R= FXL XS 36
Signif icant Yes or not Y/ N y
Control Measure
Transportation of hazardous goods within plant premises
a) Injury to person while loading and un-loading the material to vehicle by forklift. . b) Falling of goods from fork lift during loading/unloa ding
AN
Yes
-Material handling Training. -Use PPEs - Use safe working Procedure
AN
Yes
40
-Proper clamping of Clamping of material -Material handling Training. -Use PPEs - Use safe working Procedure -Driving license -Safe driving training - Hazardous material handling training. -Safe handling procedure - Use of PPEs
d) Vehicle collision on road
AN
Yes
20
Activity
Hazards
N/A/E
D/ I
LC YES or NO
S Risk (R) R= F X L X S
Significant Yes or not Y/ N
Control Measure
Work on high temperature lines at 2.5 m height
a) Burn / injury
No
5 30
-Proper ventilation. -Use PPes - Water Shower should be available -Height pass & permit -Use of full body safety belts
b) Fall
Yes
5 40
. Risk Control:
Legislation requires that control measures to be introduced to eliminate the risk. If that is not possible, to reduce the risk so far as is practicable .
-Remove the hazards -Substituting the process or substance with less hazardous. -Using engineering controls (e.g. modifying the design of the workplace or plant, or environmental conditions). --Isolating people from the source of exposure. - Changing the objects used in the task involving manual handling. -Using mechanical aids for manual handling tasks. -- Use of PPEs. -Training
Eliminate, Protect or Guard against Hazard
Warn users about the hazard
Training to users to avoid hazard
Provide personal Protective equipment
Problems involved in applying the method People guess the levels of likelihood and consequence without sufficient analysis of the hazard or existing control. Method does not work well on high consequence low probability risks.
Success of Organization
With out HIRA
Unsafe employee/ Failure of organization
Organization
HIRA
Lucky Organization
Success
Safe
Organization Success
The Solution: Change risky behaviours into risk-free habits
Conclusion: By effectively identifying the various types of Hazards &doing the risk analysis and controlling the risk, All industries can be maintained the accident free atmosphere for both the humans and plant/property
Thank you
