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Circular Motion

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Elisa Gabriel
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8 views8 pages

Circular Motion

Uploaded by

Elisa Gabriel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CIRCULAR MOTION

Angular Speed
Consider an object moving in a circle with a uniform speed round a fixed point O as center. If the object moves from A
to B so through an angle θ, its angular speed ω, about O is defined as the change of the angle per second. So if t is the
time taken by the object to move from A to B,

Tuesday, December 24, 2024 1


………………….. (1)
The angle θ is measured in radians ( = 3600). So angular
speed is usually expressed in radian per second (rad /s).
From expression (1),

This is similar to the formula,


distance = uniform velocity x time
for motion in straight line.
The time T to describe the circle once, known as the
period of the motion, is given by,
.............. (3)
Since radians is the angle in 1 revolution (3600).
IfTuesday,
S isDecember
the 24,length
2024
of the arc AB, then, 2
, by definition of an angle in radian,
………………………… (4)
Dividing by t, the time taken to move from A to
B,

But, = the speed, V, of the rotating object, and


is the angular velocity
……………………… (5)

Tuesday, December 24, 2024 3


• Example
• A model car moves round a circular orbit track of
radius 0.3m in 2 revolution per second.
• What is:
• (a). the angular speed
• (b). the period T
• (c). the speed V of the car?
• (d). Find also the angular speed of the car if it moves
with a uniform speed of 2m/s in a circle of radius 0.4m

Tuesday, December 24, 2024 4


Solution
(a). For 1 revolution , angle turned
So,

(b). Period T = time for 1 rev

(Or,
)
(c). Speed
(d). From

Tuesday, December 24, 2024 5


Acceleration in a circle
When a stone is attached to a string and whirled
round at constant speed in a circle, one can feel
the force (pull) in the string needed to keep the
stone moving in its circular path. Although the
stone is moving with a constant speed. The force
on the stone acts towards the center of the circle.
We call it a centripetal force.
acceleration towards the center, ………………… (6)
since,
acceleration towards the center,
……………………. (7)
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Centripental Forces
The centripental force F required to keep an
object of mass m moving in a circle of radius r is,
…………………. (8)
F acts towards the center of the circle.

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TUTORIALS
(1). A stone of mass 0.6 Kg attached to a string of
height 0.5 m, is whirled in a horizontal circle at a
constant speed. If the maximum tension (force) in the
string is 30 N before it breaks, calculate
(a). the maximum speed of the stone
(b). the maximum number of revolution it can make

(2). An object of mass 4 Kg moves round a circle of


radius 6 m with a constant speed of
12 m/s. Calculate,
(a). the angular speed
(b). the force towards the center
Tuesday, December 24, 2024 8

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