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35 views8 pages

Chapter - 5

Uploaded by

eliyonzms
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 5

Introduction to system administration


Introduction
• Administration is managing system resources for optimal
utilization by users.
• Systems administration is the task of
– 1) planning : created, repaired, expanding, improving and
designing a network
– 2) installation : hard ware and soft ware.
– 3) maintenance of the UNIX computer system.
• maintain the software and hardware for the system
• hardware configuration, software installation, updating,
reconfiguration of the kernel, and networking to keep it
running in a satisfactory manner.
• Managing user accounts, peripheral devices, system performance
Some Common System Administration Tasks

 Performing backups (restoring files that users have accidentally


deleted )
 Adding and removing users, hardwars and softwars.
 Answering users' questions
 Monitoring system activity, disc use and log files
 Figuring out why a program has stopped working, even though
the user didn't change anything; honest!
 Monitoring system security
 Adding new systems to the network
 Talking with vendors to determine if a problem is yours or
theirs, and getting them
 Figuring out why the network o the computer is so slow
 Trying to free up disc space

Things to be aware of when using root account

• Change the password frequently and use strong passwords.


• Remove the current working directory from your Path.

• Never leave the terminal unattended, even for "just a minute"

• Limit who has the root password to as few people as possible.

• Never execute any regular user's program as root (possible


Trojan Horse)
• Never let anyone else run a command as root, even if you are
watching them.
Disk Management
• Adding or removing storage devices.
• Creating and deleting partitions.
• Mounting partitions on appropriate directories.
• Creating file systems.
• Mounting file systems.
• Sharing file systems.
• Monitoring free space within file systems.
• Backing up (and sometimes restoring) file systems
The reasons to partition a disk include

• protecting some file systems from running out of space


(e.g., you may want the OS partition to be separated from
home directories or applications to keep it from being
affected if users’ files begin to take up far an excessive
amount of disk space)
• improving performance
• allocating swap space
• facilitating maintenance and backups (e.g., you might be
able to unmount /apps if it’s not part of / and you might
want to back up /home more frequently than /usr)
• maintaining multiple operating systems
Partitioning Commands
• Sudo fdisk /dev/sda
• Lsblk
• Blkid
• Sudo fdisk -l
User account management

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