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Triangulation 1

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32 views7 pages

Triangulation 1

Uploaded by

mayarmokhtar60
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Triangulation &

replication
_Triangulation:

 Definition of Triangulation in Research:

use of multiple methods, data sources, theories, or investigators to


enhance the reliability, validity, and depth of a study's findings.

 The main goal of triangulation:

To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the research problem.


Types of Triangulation:

 Methodological Triangulation: Combining different research methods (e.g.,


qualitative and quantitative) to study the same phenomenon.
Example: Using surveys and in-depth interviews in a study.

 Data Triangulation: Using multiple data sources to ensure consistency in findings.


Example: Collecting data from different times or locations.

 Theoretical Triangulation: Employing multiple theories to interpret findings.


Example: Applying both behavioural and economic theories.

 Investigator Triangulation: Involving multiple researchers to interpret the data and


minimize bias.
Benefits of Triangulation:

 Enhances the validity and credibility of findings.


 Reduces the likelihood of systematic bias.
 Provides a richer, more nuanced understanding of the research
problem.

Challenges of Triangulation:
 Requires additional time, resources, and expertise.
 May lead to conflicting findings, complicating the analysis.
 Integrating different data types and methods can be complex.
_Replication:

 Definition of Replication in Research:

Replication involves repeating a study to verify its results. It is essential


in quantitative research and increasingly recognized in qualitative
research.
 The main goal of replication:
The main goal of replication is to test the reliability and reproducibility of
research findings by conducting the study again under similar or varying
conditions.
Types of Replication:

 Direct (Exact) Replication: Reproducing a study using the same methods,


materials, and conditions.

 Conceptual Replication: esting the same hypothesis or research question but with
different methods, measures, or populations.

 Replication with Extension: Repeating the study while adding new variables or
conditions.
Benefits of Replication:

 Confirms the reliability of findings.


 Detects errors or biases in original studies.
 Strengthens generalizability by testing findings in different contexts
or populations.

Challenges of Replication:
 Lack of incentives in academic publishing for replication studies.
 Variations in context or execution can lead to different outcomes.

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