CHAPTER 8
STAFFING THE ORGANIZATION
1. human resource planning;
2. recruitment;
3. selection;
4. induction and orientation;
5. training and development;
6. performance appraisal;
7. employment decisions
(monetary rewards, transfers,
promotions and demotions);
and
8. separation.
Human Resource Planning
2. Programming. This means translating the forecasted human
resource needs to personnel objectives and goals. (communication
skills, leadership, time management, etc..)
Methods of forecasting
1. Time series methods- use historical data to develop forecasts of
the future.
Example: A retail company wants to forecast the number of
employees required for their stores during the holiday
season based on past years' data.
Methods of Forecasting
2. Explanatory or Causal models- attempts to identify the major variables that are related to or have
caused particular past conditions and then use current measures of these variables to predict future
conditions.
Explanatory (or causal) forecasting methods use cause-and-effect
relationships between variables to predict future outcomes. One common
example is regression analysis, which examines how one or more
independent variables influence a dependent variable.
Scenario: A restaurant wants to forecast weekly customer traffic (dependent
variable) based on factors like advertising spend, local events, and
average temperature (independent variables).
a. Regression models
b. Econometric models - this is a
system of regression equations
estimated from past time-series
data and used to show the effect
of various independent variables
on various dependent variables.
c. Leading indicators - this refers to
time series that anticipate
business cycle turns.
Scenario: A company forecasts weekly sales of a
product but wants to monitor the accuracy of
its forecasts to detect when adjustments are
needed.
● Selection refers to the act of choosing from those that
are available the individuals most likely to succeed on
the job.
● A requisite for effective selection is the preparation of
a list indicating that an adequate pool of candidates is
available.
Example of an Aptitude Test:
1. Word Association
Which word is most similar in meaning to "mitigate"?
a) Reduce b. Enhance c. Exaggerate d. Prolong
2. Logical Deduction Statement
All engineers are good at problem-solving.
Alice is an engineer.
Question: Based on the statement, which of the following is true?
a) Alice is good at problem-solving.
b) Alice enjoys problem-solving.
c) Alice is the best engineer.
d) Engineers and Alice have no relationship.
Example of a performance test:
1. Example: Typing Speed and Accuracy Test Purpose To measure a
candidate's typing speed (words per minute, WPM) and accuracy, which is
critical for roles requiring data entry, transcription, or administrative tasks.
Test Description Task: Type a given passage within a set time limit
(e.g., 5 minutes).
Metrics:
- Words per minute (WPM): Total words typed divided by time in
minutes.
- Accuracy: Percentage of correctly typed words.
- Errors: Count of spelling, grammar, or omitted words.
Sample Passage for Typing Test:
"Technology plays a vital role in shaping modern businesses. From improving
communication to streamlining operations, digital tools have become
indispensable. As companies adopt new technologies, they must also invest
in training their workforce to maximize efficiency."
A personality test is designed to measure characteristic patterns of
thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that define an individual. These
tests are often used in recruitment, career counseling, and self
-assessment.
Sample Questions :
Each statement is rated on a 5-point Likert scale:
1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree).
Questions on Openness
***"I enjoy exploring new ideas and perspectives.
***"I find it easy to engage in creative activities.“
Questions on Conscientiousness
***"I am detail-oriented and always meet deadlines.
***"I plan my work in advance and stick to it."
An interest test measures an individual’s preferences and
inclinations toward various activities or fields, helping them
identify careers, hobbies, or educational paths that align with their
interests.
Sample Questions:
Each activity is rated on a scale:1 (Dislike), 2 (Neutral), 3 (Like).
Activities for Realistic Interests
**"Building or repairing equipment.
**"Working outdoors or with animals.“
Activities for Investigative Interests
**"Conducting experiments or solving mathematical problems.“
**"Analyzing scientific data.“
Activities for Artistic Interests
**“Writing poems or stories.“
**"Creating visual art or performing in plays.“
Activities for Social Interests
**"Teaching or mentoring others.“
**"Volunteering for community service projects.“
Activities for Enterprising Interests
**"Starting a business or leading a team.“
**"Selling products or promoting ideas.“
In Induction, the new
employee is provided
with the necessary
information about the
company.
In Orientation, the new
employee is introduced
to the immediate
working environment
and co-workers.
