DAYALBAGH EDUCATIONAL

INSTITUTE
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

SMART SOIL FERTILITY TESTING DEVICE AND WEB INTERFACE FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE

By:- 7)Garv Kumar Nigam (2002260)

Under the Supervision of- 1)Ashutosh Sharma(2002248) 8)Mukul Kumar Yadav (2002269)
2)Ashutosh Singh(2002249) 9)Prateek (2002275)
Shri Manoj Kumar 3)Ayush Shrivastava(2002252) 10)Pratyaksh Suri (2002276)
Assistant Professor 4)Ayushman Parashar(2002253) 11)Saurabh (2002284)
5)Divyansh Singh (2002258) 12)Vikas Verma (2002292)
Department of Mech. Engg. 6)Divyanshu Goyal (2002259) 13) Vishal Gupta (2002295)
 INTRODUCTION

Definition and Classification of Small-Scale Industries

• Small-Scale Industries (SSIs):

• Industries with lower capital requirements and smaller operational scales.

• Significant contributors to economic growth and employment in India.

• Classification under MSMED Act, 2006:

• Manufacturing Enterprises: Production of goods using plant and machinery.

• Investment limits: Rs. 25 lakhs to Rs. 5 crores.

• Service Enterprises: Provision of services.

• Investment limits: Rs. 10 lakhs to Rs. 2 crores.

 CONTD.

• SSIs in Rural Development:

• Create employment opportunities, reducing over-reliance on agriculture.

• Address rural poverty and promote social mobility.

• Support for Larger Industries:

• By developing SSIs in rural areas, infrastructure and support for large-scale industries improve.

• Government's Role in Supporting SSIs:

• Promoting balanced and sustainable industrial growth.

• Objectives of Small-Scale Industries

• Employment generation and development of rural regions.

• Optimum utilization of unexploited resources.

• Promotion of self-reliance and entrepreneurship.

• Implementation of the latest technology for more efficient operations.

 BRAINSTORMING
MATRIX
Project Idea Need Raw Material Technical Employment Government Profit Total
Feasibility Support Margin
S. No
Cow disease detection
using urine
1 4 3 3 3 4.5 1 18.5
Automatic bicycle
lubrication system
3 4 4 2 4 2 19
2
Smart Soil Fertility
Testing Device and Web
Interface for Precision
3 Agriculture 3 3 3 4.5 4.5 2 20

4 Solar Angithi 4 4 4 2.5 3.5 1 19

Silt Free Domestic
Water Tank
5 4 4 3 3.5 3 2 19.5
Earthly watch: Areal
cum Terrestrial
4 3 4 2 4 2 19
Monitoring System
6

After brainstorming and selection of ideas, market research was conducted thoroughly on each of the proposal to know the current scenario of
the individual markets and Smart Soil Fertility Testing Device and Web Interface for Precision Agriculture got highest score among all over
different points.
 PROBLEM STATEMENT

• Challenges in Rural Agriculture:

• Difficulty managing soil fertility due to lack of accessible soil testing methods.

• Consequences of inaccurate soil management: over- or under-application of fertilizers.

• Impact on Small-Scale Farmers:

• Leads to lower crop yields, soil degradation, and negative environmental effects.

• Solution: Smart Soil Fertility Tester

• Provides a portable, real-time method for measuring soil fertility.

• Measures critical soil parameters, such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium.

• Aims to optimize fertilizer use and promote sustainable practices.

 MARKET SURVEY

• How do you currently determine the amount of fertilizers to use?

• How useful would a tool be that could recommend the ideal crop based on provided field information?
 MARKET SURVEY(CONTD.)

• What features do you consider the most important in the mechanism?

• What would be your preferred delivery method for results and recommendations?
 MARKET SURVEY(CONTD.)

• How much would you be willing to pay for the tool?

 DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
PROCESS

Prototype Development Sensor Integration Manufacturing Optimization Web Interface

Development
The initial prototype Specialized sensors like The manufacturing process It is designed to predict
was designed and NPK and moisture were was refined to ensure suitable Crop and
engineered to validate seamlessly integrated into consistent quality, Fertilizer for the given
the device's core the device's hardware and reliability, and cost- soil nutrients
functionality and user software. effectiveness. composition.
experience.
 WEB INTERFACE

• The smart soil fertility testing device integrates with a user-friendly web interface for data visualization and analysis

• The web interface displays the measured NPK and soil moisture values from the device in real-time.

• Users can view historical data trends and generate reports to understand soil fertility changes over time.
 WEB INTERFACE TO PREDICT THE TYPE OF
FERTILIZER REQUIRED

• The web interface to predict optimal type of fertilizer required for a given soil composition and moisture level.
• Users can input their soil NPK and moisture data, and the interface will analyze this information to recommend the specific
quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium needed.
• The interface leverages machine learning algorithms to provide accurate, data-driven fertilizer recommendations tailored to the
user's unique soil conditions.
 CAPITAL REQUIREMENT

I. Fixed Capital
I. Total Fixed Cost = 6,00,000 + 11,00,000 + 4,00,000 = ₹ 21,00,000
II. Working Capital
I. Operating Cycle
I. Operating Cycle = Inventory Period + Accounts Receivable Period
II. Total Operating Cycle = 8 weeks + 4 weeks = 12 weeks
III. Operating Cycle in Months = Operating Cycle in Weeks / 4.33 = 12/4.33 = 2.77
IV. Yearly turn over = 47,496,000
V. Working Capital= ((Length of Operating cycle in months) * Yearly turn over (Rs))/12
VI. Working Capital = (2.77/12) * 47,496,000 = Rs. 10,963,660
III. Capital Needed
I. Fixed Capital – ₹21,00,000
II. Working Capital - ₹10,963,660
 PROFITABILITY

Expenses : Income :

Total Expense = ₹ 33,140,800 By Sales = ₹ 47,496,000

i) Net Profit = 47,496,000 - 33,140,800 = ₹ 14,355,200

ii) Profit Margin = Net Profit Per Year x 100 = (14,355,200/47,496,000) *100 = 30.22%
Total Yearly sales
iii) Rate of Return = (Nett profit / Total investment) *100 = (14,355,200/33,140,800) = 43.3%
 BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS

This means that we need to sell 840 units of our Smart soil fertility tester device to cover
all our costs and start making a profit.
 PROPOSAL FOR RAISING CAPITAL

Executive Summary:
Capital Requirements: We are pleased to present this proposal for raising capital to support the
Fixed Capital: ₹21 lakh production and sale of innovative Smart soil fertility tester devices
Working Capital: ₹4 lakh designed to revolutionize agriculture. Our company is at the forefront of
technological advancement in the agricultural sector, offering smart
devices that provide real-time data on soil nutrients and water levels,
enabling farmers to optimize crop growth and yield.

Allocation of Funds:
To scale up production and accelerate market expansion, we are seeking ₹25 lakh in capital investment.
The funds will be allocated towards:
1. Production equipment and manufacturing facilities.
2. Research and development for product enhancements and new features.
3. Marketing and sales efforts to increase brand awareness and reach new customers.
4. Working capital for inventory management and operational expenses.
 PROJECTED CASH FLOW STATEMENT FOR
THE FIRST 4 YEARS

NOTE: This is Hypothetical Estimated Data as we need a complete balance sheet for previous four years.
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
 CONCLUSION

The comprehensive analysis of the Smart Soil Fertility Tester project highlights its strong potential for success across various
aspects. Technically, the project utilizes cutting-edge technologies like Arduino Uno microcontroller, NPK sensor, moisture sensor,
and LCD display to create a reliable and user-friendly device for assessing soil fertility accurately. This empowers farmers to
optimize crop growth effectively.
Economically, the project offers significant cost savings for farmers by enabling precise fertilizer usage and increasing crop yields.
Financially, the project is well-supported, with strategic planning enabling successful funding procurement through term and
working capital loans. Efficient financial management and budgeting mitigate risks and maximize returns on investment.
Socially, the project is widely accepted as it addresses the need for sustainable agricultural practices and engages communities in
technological advancements. By enhancing crop productivity and reducing environmental impact, it contributes to societal welfare
and agricultural sustainability.
In the initial years, the project anticipates substantial growth, driven by increasing adoption rates among farmers and expanding
market reach. This growth is expected to positively impact rural development by creating employment opportunities, enhancing
agricultural productivity, and uplifting local economies. Its scalable business model ensures long-term viability and resilience to
market changes. It promises to revolutionize agricultural practices while fostering sustainable rural development and prosperity.
 REFERENCES

1. Biju, S. S., Kumar, R., & Gupta, R. K. (2019). IoT Based Smart Agriculture System for Monitoring Soil Fertility and Irrigation. In 2019 IEEE
International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
2. Singh, P., Kumar, A., & Varshney, D. (2020). Smart Soil Fertility Management Using IoT. In 2020 International Conference on Computational
Performance Evaluation (ComPE) (pp. 31-35). IEEE.
3. Roy, S., & Dutta, S. (2021). Design and Implementation of a Smart Soil Monitoring System Using IoT. In 2021 International Conference on
Sustainable Technologies for Industry 4.0 (STI) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
4. Kulkarni, A., & Rao, S. (2020). Design and Development of Smart Agriculture System Using IoT. International Journal of Engineering Research
& Technology, 9(3), 43-48.
5. Sharma, S., & Patel, A. (2019). IoT Based Smart Agriculture: An Overview. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science,
10(2), 17-21.
6. Kansal, P., Sharma, S., & Kumar, A. (2018). Smart Irrigation and Soil Moisture Monitoring System Using IoT. In 2018 International Conference
on Current Trends towards Converging Technologies (ICCTCT) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
7. Patel, S., & Upadhyay, S. (2019). Soil Monitoring and Fertility Analysis System Using IoT. In 2019 International Conference on Computing,
Communication, and Intelligent Systems (ICCCIS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
8. Kumar, V., Sharma, V., & Garg, R. (2020). Smart Agriculture Monitoring and Fertility Analysis Using IoT. International Journal of Engineering
and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 9(2), 3376-3383.
9. Gupta, A., Gupta, S., & Singh, S. (2021). Design and Development of IoT Based Smart Agriculture System for Soil Health Monitoring.